中草药提取物复合制剂对乳中高体细胞数奶牛生产性能、免疫和抗氧化功能及瘤胃细菌区系的影响  

Effects of Compound Preparation of Chinese Herbal Extract on Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Function and Ruminal Bacterial Flora of Cows with High Somatic Cell Count In Milk

作　　者：张腾龙[1] 郭晨阳 宋洁 敖长金[1] 王丽芳 ZHANG Tenglong;GUO Chenyang;SONG Jie;AO Changjin;WANG Lifang(College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第1期287-300,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860663);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0029);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2021LHMS03014);内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2020CXJJM12);奶牛疾病绿色防控技术应用示范(2022TG16)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究中草药提取物复合制剂对乳中高体细胞数(SCC)奶牛生产性能、免疫和抗氧化功能及瘤胃细菌区系的影响。选取10头体况、泌乳期、产奶量相近且乳中SCC高于50万个/mL的经产荷斯坦奶牛,根据乳中SCC相近原则,分为对照组[乳中SCC=(97.48±23.75)万个/mL]和试验组[乳中SCC=(98.78±29.92)万个/mL],每组5头牛,2组奶牛均不进行药物治疗。对照组饲喂全混合日粮(TMR),试验组饲喂TMR+54 g/(d·头)中草药提取物复合制剂。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中草药提取物复合制剂显著降低了乳中高SCC奶牛第14、28天乳中SCC(P<0.05),对产奶量、乳成分和营养物质表观消化率没有影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中草药提取物复合制剂显著提高了乳中高SCC奶牛血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中草药提取物复合制剂能显著降低乳中高SCC奶牛瘤胃放线菌门、琥珀酸弧菌科_UCG-001(Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001)和高氏瘤胃球菌群(Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group)比例(P<0.05),提高普雷沃氏菌科_UCG-001(Prevotellaceae_UCG-001)比例。由此可见,饲粮中添加中草药提取物复合制剂能降低乳中高SCC奶牛乳中SCC,提高免疫功能,改善瘤胃细菌区系组成。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract on performance,immune and antioxidant function and ruminal bacterial flora of cows with high somatic cell count(SCC)in milk. Ten transitional Holstein cows with similar body condition,lactation period,milk yield and milk SCC higher than 500 000 cells/mL were selected and divided into control group[milk SCC =(97.48±23.75)ten thousand cells/mL]and experimental group[milk SCC =(98.78±29.92)ten thousand cells/mL]based on the principle of similar milk SCC,each group contained 5 cows,and cows in 2 groups were not treated with medication. The control group was fed a total mixed ration(TMR),and the experimental was fed the TMR+54 g/(d·head)compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract. The experiment lasted for35 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the addition of compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract in the diet significantly decreased the SCC in milk at days 14 and 28 of cows with high SCC in milk(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on milk yield,milk composition and nutrient apparent digestibility(P>0.05). 2)Compared with the control group,the addition of compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract in the diet significantly increased the contents of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in serum of cows with high SCC in milk(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)content(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the control group,the addition of compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract in the diet significantly decreased the proportions of Actinobacteria,Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 and Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group in rumen of cows with high SCC in milk(P<0.05),and significantly increased the rumen Prevotellaceae_UCG-001proportion(P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of compound preparation of Chinese herbal extract in the diet can reduce the SCC in milk,increase the immune function,and improve th

关 键 词：中草药提取物 奶牛 生产性能 免疫 细菌区系 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]