高光谱成像技术在生物物证领域的研究进展  

Research Progress of Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Biological Evidence

作　　者：高毅[1] 黄涛 郝静如 马越[1] GAO Yi;HUANG Tao;HAO Jing-ru;MA Yue(Key Laboratory of Trace Inspection and Identification Technology,Ministry of Public Security,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110035,China;Beijing Public Security Judicial Expertise Center,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院、痕迹检验鉴定技术公安部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110035 [2]北京市公安司法鉴定中心,北京100054

出　　处：《法医学杂志》2022年第5期640-649,共10页Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：公安部科技强警基础工作专项资助项目(2020GABJC04);辽宁省教育厅重大科研经费资助项目(ZGXJ2020002);痕迹检验鉴定技术公安部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KFKT201901);中国刑事警察学院科研基金资助项目(D2019036)。

摘　　要：高光谱成像技术能同时获取物质的空间和光谱三维成像,在一定的空间分辨率下获取宽谱段范围内物质独特的连续特征光谱,对生物物质的精细分类和识别具有突出的优势。随着高光谱成像技术的发展,其在数据获取、图像处理及物质检验的探索过程中已经积累大量数据。作为新兴技术手段,高光谱成像技术具有独特的自身优势和广泛的应用前景,其与案件现场常见生物物证血液(斑)、唾液(斑)、精液(斑)、汗液(斑)、毛发、指甲、骨骼等结合可实现物质的快速分离、检验与鉴定。本文将介绍高光谱成像技术的基本理论及其在常见生物物证检验中的应用研究,并对各技术应用于生物物证检验与鉴定的可行性和当前发展现状进行分析,以便为新技术的开发提供理论基础,促进高光谱成像技术在相关生物检材检验中的进一步研究与发展,从而更好地服务于法医学鉴定实践。Hyperspectral imaging technology can obtain the spatial and spectral three-dimensional imaging of substances simultaneously,and obtain the unique continuous characteristic spectrum of substances in a wide spectrum range at a certain spatial resolution,which has outstanding advantages in the fine classification and identification of biological substances.With the development of hyperspectral imaging technology,a large amount of data has been accumulated in the exploration of data acquisition,image processing and material inspection.As a new technology means,hyperspectral imaging technology has its unique advantages and wide application prospects.It can be combined with the common biological physical evidence of blood(stains),saliva,semen,sweat,hair,nails,bones,etc.,to achieve rapid separation,inspection and identification of substances.This paper introduces the basic theory of hyperspectral imaging technology and its application in common biological evidence examination research and analyzes the feasibility and development of biological evidence testing and identification,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new technology and promote hyperspectral imaging technology in related biological examination,to better serve the forensic practice.

关 键 词：法医遗传学 生物物证 高光谱成像 血液(斑) 唾液(斑) 精液(斑) 综述 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]