清初实学背景下的李塨军政思想探析  

An Analysis of Li Gong’s Military and Political Thoughts under the Background of Practical Learning in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：李涛 汪敬超 LI Tao;WANG Jingchao(School of History,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学历史学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第6期8-15,共8页Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition

基　　金：泰山学者工程专项资助项目(tsqn201812048)。

摘　　要：李塨作为清初实学思想家,军政思想是其经世之学的重要组成部分,这不仅与其“文武兼修”的家庭教育氛围相系,更是明清交替之际学风由空疏转向敦实的现实映像。在“民强”观念的指导下,他主张在地方授田,建立普遍的“乡兵”制度,寓兵于农,化民为兵,并在此基础上对如何权衡中央与地方军权给出了应对之法,提出了“强枝强干”的创见。他亦从“实”的角度出发,广阅史籍所载之兵制,鉴其兴废,择善而从。此外,他还能够摒弃满汉畛域之分,立于国情,对康熙年间清廷与台湾郑氏隔岸对峙的政治格局提出切实可行的策见,颇具独到之处。As a practical thinker in the early Qing Dynasty, Li Gong’s military and political thoughts were an important part of his study of the world. This was not only related to his family education atmosphere of“both civil and military”, but also a realistic image of the transition from an empty style of study to an honest style at the turn of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Under the guidance of the concept of“strengthening the people”, he advocated granting farmland in local areas, establishing a universal system of“rural soldiers”, integrating troops into agriculture, and turning the people into soldiers. On this basis, he gave a response to how to balance the central and local military power, and put forward the idea of“strengthening the central power and the local power”. From the perspective of“reality”, he also read extensively the military system contained in historical records, learned from its rise and fall, and chose the best. In addition, he was able to abandon the division between Manchu and Han, and put forward practical suggestions on the political pattern of the confrontation across the coast during the reign of Kangxi between the Qing Dynasty and Taiwan’s Zheng Family, which was quite unique.

关 键 词：李塨 军政思想 经世致用 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]