渤海西南部小型水母群落特征与环境因子相关性研究  

Characteristics of small medusae community correlated with environmental factors in the southwest of Bohai Sea

作　　者：刘欣禹 徐子钧[1,2,3] 张洪亮 李保磊[1,2,3] 温国义 李笑语[1,2,3] 沙婧婧 杜小媛[1,2,3] 鲍萌萌 孙卓男 丁凯 齐衍萍 温若冰 曹婧 Liu Xinyu;Xu Zijun;Zhang Hongliang;Li Baolei;Wen Guoyi;Li Xiaoyu;Sha Jingjing;Du Xiaoyuan;Bao Mengmeng;Sun Zhuonan;Ding Kai;Qi Yanping;Wen Ruobing;Cao Jing(North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266033,China;Key Laboratory of Ecolo-gical Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266033,China;Shandong Provincial Key Labor-atory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033 [2]自然资源部渤海生态预警与保护修复重点实验室,山东青岛266033 [3]山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋学报》2023年第3期66-75,共10页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1407903);自然资源部北海局海洋科技项目(202202);北海分局海洋科技项目(202001)。

摘　　要：根据2020年8月至2021年5月对渤海西南部浮游动物调查的4个航次数据,分析该海域水螅水母、栉水母群落结构和季节变化特征,讨论了环境因子对小型水母丰度的影响。研究发现,渤海西南部小型水母种类组成和丰度分布存在季节变化,全年调查共发现小型水母13种,11种水螅水母、2种栉水母;春、夏、秋、冬该海域水母种数分别为4种、9种、7种和2种,丰度均值分别为30.74 ind./m3、30.78 ind./m3、12.08 ind./m3、0.57 ind./m3;优势种为嵊山秀氏水母(Sugiura chengshanense)、八斑芮氏水母(Rathkea octopunctata)、锡兰和平水母(Eirene ceylonensis)、半球美螅水母(Clytia hemisphaerica)、球型侧腕水母(Pleurobrachia globosa),优势种季节更替率平均为91.67%,呈现明显季节演替。水温和盐度是影响渤海西南部小型水母丰度季节变化的主要环境因子,春季水温回升及适宜营养盐含量促进小型水母生长繁殖,夏季桡足类为小型水母提供了丰富的饵料促进其生长,秋季群落主要受盐度的影响。根据渤海西南部小型水母风险种分布情况,推测夏季和秋季风险种旺发对拟建核电存在风险。According to the data of four voyages of zooplankton survey in the southwest of Bohai Sea from August2020 to May 2021,the community structure and seasonal variation of small medusae were analyzed,and the effects of environmental factors on the abundance of small medusae were discussed.There were seasonal variations in species composition and abundance distribution of small medusae in the southwest of Bohai Sea,a total of 13 species of small medusae were found throughout the year,including 11 species of hydromedusae and 2 species of ctenophores.The number of medusae species in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 4,9,7 and 2 species respectively.The mean abundance values were 30.74 ind./m3,30.78 ind./m3,12.08 ind./m3 and 0.57 ind./m3 respectively.The dominant species were Sugiura chengshanense,Rathkea octopunctata,Eirene ceylonensis,Clytia hemisphaerica,Pleurobrachia globosa.The average seasonal replacement rate of dominant species was 91.67%,showing obvious seasonal succession.Water temperature and salinity were main environmental factor affecting the seasonal variation of total abundance of small medusae in the southwest of Bohai Sea.The increase of water temperature and nutrients in spring promote the growth and reproduction of small medusae.In summer,copepods provided rich bait for small medusae to promote its growth,the community was mainly affected by salinity in autumn.According to the risk species of small medusae in the southwest of Bohai Sea,it was speculated that the peak of risk species in summer and autumn was a risk to the planned nuclear power.

关 键 词：水螅水母 栉水母 季节变化 环境因子 浮游动物桡足类 渤海 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]