不同磷水平下小麦蚕豆间作对土壤无机磷组分的影响  

Effects of wheat and faba bean intercropping on content of rhizosphere inorganic phosphorus fractions under different phosphorus application rates

作　　者：李海叶 张梦瑶 柏文恋 刘振洋 汤利[1] 郑毅[1,3] 肖靖秀 LI Hai-ye;ZHANG Meng-yao;BAI Wen-lian;LIU Zhen-yang;TANG Li;ZHENG Yi;XIAO Jing-xiu(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China;Yunnan Open University,Kunming 650221 f China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005 [3]云南开放大学,昆明650221

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第11期2506-2513,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060718,31560581);云南省农业联合基础专项(2018FG001-071)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同磷水平下小麦蚕豆间作对土壤无机磷组分的影响,为磷肥合理施用提供理论依据。【方法】通过两因素田间试验,设置3种种植模式[小麦单作(MW)、蚕豆单作(MF)、小麦蚕豆间作(W//F)]和3个磷水平[不施磷(P0)、施磷(P_(2)O_(5))45 kg/hm^(2)(P1)和90 kg/hm^(2)(P2)],采用蒋-顾分级法分析了不同生育期根际土壤无机磷组分(Al-P、Fe-P、Ca-P)含量,探讨不同供磷水平下,小麦蚕豆间作对根际Al-P、Fe-P、Ca-P含量的影响。【结果】蚕豆和小麦根际无机磷组分含量受种植模式和磷水平×种植模式的调控,但间作对小麦和蚕豆根际无机磷组分的影响不同。不考虑作物生育期,3个磷水平下单间作小麦根际无机磷组分含量无差异;但减磷条件下(P1),间作可将蚕豆根际Al-P和Fe-P含量降低15%。间作对根际无机磷组分的影响受生育期的调控。与单作小麦相比,磷胁迫条件下(P0和P1)间作降低小麦分蘖期根际Al-P含量19%和25%,但对根际Fe-P和Ca-P含量几乎无影响。与单作蚕豆相比,P1条件下,间作可将蚕豆开花期和成熟期根际Al-P含量降低17%和20%;可将蚕豆分枝期、结荚期根际Fe-P含量降低24%和27%。同时间作也有降低蚕豆特定生育期Ca-P含量的趋势。随着磷肥施用量的增加,单间作小麦、蚕豆根际土壤Al-P、Fe-P、Ca-P含量增加,增幅为Al-P>Fe-P>Ca-P。总之,间作对蚕豆根际无机磷组分含量影响大于小麦。【结论】磷胁迫条件下(P0和P1),小麦蚕豆间作促进小麦分蘖期根际Al-P和蚕豆全生育期根际Al-P和Fe-P的耗竭是间作提高土壤磷有效性的关键。【Objective】The effects of wheat and faba bean intercropping on soil inorganic phosphorus(P) components under different phosphorus application rates were investigated to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of phosphorus fertilizer.【Method】A field experiment including two factors(three planting patterns and three P application rates) was designed in this study. The planting patterns included mono-cropped wheat(MW), mono-cropped faba bean(MF), and wheat and faba bean intercropping(W//F), and the three P application rates were 0 kg/hm^(2)(P0), P_(2)O_(5)application rate at 45 kg/hm^(2)(P1) and 90 kg/hm^(2)(P2) respectively. The content of inorganic P fractions(involving Al-P,Fe-P,Ca-P) in rhizospheric soil were determined by Jiang-Gu classification method, and the effects of wheat and faba bean intercropping on the contents of Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P in rhizospheric soil under different P application rates were analyzed.【Result】The content of inorganic P fractions in faba bean and wheat rhizospheric soil were influenced by planting patterns and the interaction of planting patterns × P application rates, but the effect of intercropping on the inorganic P fractions of faba bean rhizospheric differed from those of soils grown with wheat. W//F had no impact on soil inorganic P fractions of wheat rhizospheric regardless of P application rates and growth stages, but the content of Al-P and Fe-P in faba bean rhizosphere decreased by 15% where faba bean was intercropped with wheat. The effect of intercropping on inorganic P content in rhizoshpere varied with growth stages. At tillering stage, W//F significantly reduced Al-P content in wheat rhizosphere by 19% and 25% under P0 and P1 respectively, compared with MW. However, Fe-P and Ca-P in wheat rhizoshpere was negligibly influenced by intercropping. Under P1 level, rhizosphere Al-P content of intercropped faba bean(IF) decreased by 17% and 20% at flowering and maturity stages respectively, compared with MF;Likewise, the Fe-P content of IF rhizo

关 键 词：小麦蚕豆间作 磷水平 无机磷组分 Al-P Fe-P Ca-P 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]