氨基寡糖素对苦瓜枯萎病的抗性诱导作用  

Induction of resistance of amino-oligosaccharide to Fusarium wilt of bitter gourd

作　　者：黄熊娟[1] 黄如葵[1] 冯诚诚[1] 琚茜茜[1] 秦健[1] 梁家作[1] 陈振东[1] 黄玉辉[1] 陈小凤[1] 刘杏连[1] HUANG Xiong-juan;HUANG Ru-kui;FENG Cheng-cheng;JU Xi-xi;QIN Jian;LIANG Jia-zuo;CHEN Zhen-dong;HUANG Yu-hui;CHEN Xiao-feng;LIU Xing-lian(Vegetable Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding and New Technology Development,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所/广西蔬菜育种与新技术研究重点实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第11期2544-2553,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA294002,2019GXNSFBA245047);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204039)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究诱抗剂氨基寡糖素对苦瓜枯萎病的抗性诱导作用,为完善氨基寡糖素诱导苦瓜抗枯萎病技术提供参考依据。【方法】以不同浓度氨基寡糖素对苦瓜幼苗进行叶面喷雾和灌根,设诱导不接种、诱导后接种、未诱导只接种和未诱导未接种4个处理,15 d后测定各处理苦瓜幼苗根系的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-GLU)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,分析苦瓜幼苗根、茎和叶片的木质素、酚类化合物和胼胝质变化情况,调查苦瓜幼苗的枯萎病发病率,明确氨基寡糖素对苦瓜枯萎病的抗性诱导效果。【结果】5%氨基寡糖素叶面喷雾和灌根均可提高苦瓜幼苗根系的β-1,3-GLU、POD、PPO和PAL活性,促进幼苗根、茎和叶片的木质素、酚类化合物和胼胝质沉积,诱导苦瓜的枯萎病抗性。其中,经过3次诱导,在接种后15 d, 5%氨基寡糖素1500倍液叶面喷雾苦瓜幼苗的病情指数为30.83,比对照1(CK1)低23.34,对枯萎病的抗性达抗病(R)水平,诱导抗病指数为43.09;5%氨基寡糖素1000倍液灌根对苦瓜枯萎病抗性的诱导效果最佳,苦瓜幼苗的病情指数为25.00,比对照2(CK2)低59.44,其抗性达抗病(R)水平,诱导抗病指数为70.39。方差分析结果表明,5%氨基寡糖素灌根或叶面喷施的诱导抗病指数与灌根或叶面喷施0.5%几丁聚糖和6%低聚糖素的诱导抗病指数差异均达极显著水平(P<0.01,下同)。5%氨基寡糖素灌根诱导接种后6 d,苦瓜根系中开始有枯萎病菌侵染,接种后6~14 d根系中观察到少量菌丝,而对照(JG-CK)在接种后2 d即发现菌丝产生,接种后8 d出现大量菌丝,接种后14 d有大量孢子产生,说明氨基寡糖素诱导可延缓枯萎病菌的侵染时间,同时可阻止菌丝进一步发展和抑制孢子形成。【结论】5%氨基寡糖素诱导可激发苦瓜抗病免疫系统启动及苦瓜体内病程相关蛋白酶活性表达,促进次生代谢物质形�【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the induction of amino-oligosaccharides resistance to Fusarium wilt of bitter gourd, so as to provide reference for improving the technology of amino-oligosaccharide-induced resistance to F. wilt.【Method】Leaves and bitter gourd seedlings were sprayed with different concentrations of amino-oligosaccharins and roots of bitter gourd seedlings were watered with different concentrations of amino-oligosaccharins. Four treatments were set: Induction without inoculation, induction with inoculation, no induction but with inoculation, no induction and no inoculation. After 15 days of treatment, activities of β-1,3-glucanase(β-1,3-GLU), peroxidase(POD), polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) were determined to analyze the changes of lignin, phenolic compounds and callose in the root, stem and leaf of bitter gourd, thus, exploring the induced resistance of amino-oligosaccharide to F. wilt of bitter gourd.【Result】Induction of 5% amino-oligosaccharide by foliar spray and root watering both could induct the resistance to F. wilt on bitter gourd seedlings. The disease index by 1500 times solution foliar spray with 5% amino-oligosaccharide was 30.83,23.34 lower than that of the control(CK1),reaching the disease resistance level(R),and the induced disease resistance index was 43.09. The disease index by 1000 times solution root irrigation with 5% amino-oligosaccharide was 25.00, 59.44 lower than that of the control(CK2), reaching the disease resistance level(R), and the induced disease resistance index was 70.39. The results of ANOVA showed that the difference of inducted effect on disease resistance reached a very significant level(P<0.01,the same as below) between 5% amino-oligosaccharide and 0.5% chitosan, 6% oligosaccharide. After induction and inoculation of 5% amino-oligosaccharide, a small amount of mycelia was observed in the root system from 6 days to 14 days, while the production of mycelia was found in the control group after 2 days, a lar

关 键 词：苦瓜 枯萎病 氨基寡糖素 抗性诱导 叶面喷雾 灌根 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]