海上三维拖缆导航定位数据处理系统设计及实现  

Design and realization of a marine 3D towed-streamer navigation and positioning data processing system

作　　者：段楚峰 张昊楠[1,2,3] 匡翠林[1] 余文坤 杨保财[1] DUAN Chufeng;ZHANG Haonan;KUANG Cuilin;YU Wenkun;YANG Baocai(School of Geosciences and Info-physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;China Oilfield Services Limited Geophysical Division,Tianjin 300451,China;National Engineering Research Center of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部,天津300451 [3]海洋油气勘探国家工程研究中心,北京100028

出　　处：《石油物探》2023年第1期80-86,129,共8页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：中国海洋石油集团有限公司科技项目(CNOOC-KJZDHXJSGGYF2019-03);中海油田服务股份有限公司科技项目(WTB20YF011)共同资助。

摘　　要：拖缆导航定位是海上拖缆地震勘探的关键步骤之一,是地震数据反演海底地下地质构造的前提条件,其定位精度直接影响地震数据的成像质量与可靠性。针对海上三维地震勘探拖缆导航定位数据处理,分析了难点问题,对数据预处理算法与定位网络平差算法进行了详细设计,给出了一整套数据处理流程,基于算法开发了海上三维拖缆导航定位数据处理系统,介绍了该数据处理系统的整体架构与功能模块划分,并结合实际应用案例对其解算精度进行了验证与分析。结果表明,在选用的两套6缆作业场景测试数据中,所实现的拖缆定位数据处理系统解算精度与国外主流商业软件相比,检波器整体定位偏差小于3 m,标准差小于0.5 m,能够满足海上三维拖缆勘探地震数据成像精度的需要。Streamer navigation and positioning are key steps in offshore towed-streamer seismic exploration and are prerequisites for seismic data inversion of offshore underground geological structures.The positioning accuracy directly affects the imaging quality and reliability of seismic data.In this study,the requirements for the data processing of marine 3D seismic exploration streamer navigation and positioning were analyzed.Subsequently,the data preprocessing and network adjustment algorithms were designed in detail,and the data processing flow is described.Finally,a marine 3D towed-streamer navigation and positioning data processing system was realized based on the algorithms and the overall architecture and functional module division of the data processing system are introduced.A case study based on a 6-cable dataset was carried out to verify the accuracy of the system.The results show that in the two selected 6-streamer datasets,the overall seismic receiver positioning bias of the streamer positioning data processing system is less than 3 m and the standard deviation is less than 0.5 m compared with foreign commercial software.This indicates that the system developed meets the accuracy requirements for seismic data imaging in offshore 3D streamer exploration.

关 键 词：拖缆导航定位 海上三维地震勘探 数据预处理 定位网络解算 系统设计与实现 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]