某区垃圾堆场周边土壤中重金属元素的污染特征及生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil Around a Garbage Dump

作　　者：吴明言 Wu Mingyan(Fujian Minhuan Test and Testing Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou,350000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省闽环试验检测有限公司,福建福州350000

出　　处：《皮革制作与环保科技》2022年第24期124-126,共3页Leather Manufacture and Environmental Technology

摘　　要：本项目垃圾简易堆场周边土壤中各重金属元素的含量水平均满足国家《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 36600-2018)[1]中规定的二类用地筛选值及管控值标准。在56份供试土壤样品中,重金属砷、铅、镍平均含量低于福建省土壤重金属平均背景值,铜、镉、汞等重金属平均含量高于福建省土壤平均背景值。以福建省土壤背景值为标准的单因子污染指数评价表明,6种元素单因子污染指数平均值依次为:汞>镉>铜>砷>铅>镍。根据内梅罗综合污染指数平均值PI评价,所有供试土壤均属于中度或重度污染土壤,其中又以汞和镉的污染程度最为突出。根据二类用地筛选值及管控值标准,7种元素的单因子污染指数平均值依次为:砷>铅>镍>汞>镉>铜>六价铬,所有供试土壤均属于安全等级。研究表明,垃圾简易堆场周边土壤环境可能受到道路两侧区域和集中堆置区域垃圾所产生的渗滤液的影响,但影响相对较小。The content level of each heavy metal element in the soil around the simple waste yard of this project meets the screening value and control value standard of the second-class land stipulated in “The national Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Construction Land(Trial)(GB 36600-2018)”[1]. In the 56 soil samples tested, the average content of arsenic, lead and nickel heavy metals was lower than the average background value of heavy metals in Fujian Province, while the average content of copper, cadmium and mercury were higher than the average background value of Fujian Province. The single factor pollution index evaluation based on the background values of soil in Fujian province showed that the average values of the single factor pollution index of the six elements were mercury > cadmium > copper > arsenic > Lead > nickel. According to the average PI evaluation of Nemerow comprehensive pollution index,all the tested soils were moderately or severely polluted, and the pollution degree of mercury and cadmium was the most prominent. The average value of the single factor pollution index of the seven elements was as > lead > nickel > mercury > cadmium > copper > hexavalent chromium. All soils tested were of safe grade. The results showed that the soil environment around the simple waste dump site may be affected by leachate generated by the waste on both sides of the road and in the centralized piling area, but the impact is relatively small.

关 键 词：土壤重金属元素 污染特征 污染指数评价 垃圾简易堆场 

分 类 号：TS5[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]