防风根腐病拮抗真菌的筛选鉴定及生防作用研究  

Screening,Identification and Biological Control of Antagonistic Fungus against Root Rot of Saposhnikovia divaricata

作　　者：韩忠明[1] 孙卓[1] 王妍[1] 张福军 马峰敏 罗秋菊 杨利民[1] HAN Zhongming;SUN Zhuo;WANG Yan;ZHANG Fujun;MA Fengmin;LUO Qiuju;YANG Limin(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province,Changchun 130118,China;Forestry Working Station of Taiwang Town in Ji’an,Ji’an 134200,China;Chagan Lake National Nature Reserve Administration in Jilin,Songyuan 131111,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院/省部共建生态恢复和生态系统管理国家重点实验室培育基地,长春130118 [2]集安市太王镇林业工作站,集安134200 [3]吉林查干湖国家级自然保护区管理局,松原131111

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2022年第5期1288-1295,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1710700,2019YFC1710702);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200404010YY,20210204011YY);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JLT2020-22,JLT2020-37,JLT2021-03,JLT2021-21);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：从防风根际土壤中筛选得到1株对根腐病具有良好防治效果的拮抗菌株MR-47,基于形态学、ITS序列分析方法对菌株MR-47进行鉴定,确定该菌株为桃色顶孢霉Acremonium persicinum(GenBank No OK287149.1)。通过对峙培养、显微镜观察,探究了菌株MR-47对木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti的抑菌机理;基于盆栽试验,明确菌株MR-47的定殖能力及防病促生效果。结果表明,菌株MR-47对木贼镰刀菌抑菌率达69.26%,病原菌菌丝出现缢缩、膨大、扭曲、畸形等现象;对尖孢镰刀菌、腐皮镰刀菌等多种病原真菌表现出了良好的广谱抑菌活性;在土壤中定殖35 d内,最大定殖量为8.38×10~6 CFU/g,最低为5.57×10~6 CFU/g;MR-47对防风根腐病防效达75.05%。因此,桃色顶孢霉MR-47在防风根腐病的病害管理方面具有较好的开发价值及应用潜力。The strain MR-47 isolated from rhizospheric soil of Saposhnikovia divaricata plants was screened and selected as a potential stock for biocontrol due to the significantly antibiotic activity against root rot disease caused by Fusarium equiseti.Based on the analysis of morphological traits and rDNA internal transcribed spacers(ITS),strain MR-47 was identified as Acremonium persicinum (GenBank No.OK287149.1).The antifungal mechanism of strain MR-47 against F.equiseti were determined by using dual culture assays and microscopic observation.To assess the antifungal efficacy of MR-47 against root rot disease of S.divaricata as well as its colonization ability and growth promotion ability,pot experiments were performed under natural outdoor conditions.The results indicated that MR-47 had the strongest inhibition activity against F.equiseti,with the inhibition rate up to 69.26%.The fermentation liquor of MR-47 could significantly induce constriction,enlargement,distortion and deformity in mycelia morphology of F.equiseti.Strain MR-47 had the broad-spectrum antibiotic activity against pathogens,such as F.oxysporum and F.solani.The population of MR-47 in soil in which S.divaricata was grown,were from 5.57×10~6 CFU/g to 8.38×10~6 CFU/g.Strain MR-47 spore suspension delayed the occurrence of S.divaricata root rot disease and had control efficacy of 75.05%.A.persicinum MR-47 had the potential to be developed into biocontrol agent for comtrol of S.divaricata root rot disease.

关 键 词：防风 桃色顶孢霉 木贼镰刀菌 生物防治 促生作用 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]