人参黑斑病生防菌的分离鉴定及防效  

Isolation,Identification and Control Effect of Biocontrol Bacteria against Ginseng Black Spot Disease

作　　者：张宁 张晶晶 李雅淑 李冉琪 侯微[1] 曲正义[1] 李亚丽[1] 郑培和[1,2] ZHANG Ning;ZHANG Jingjing;LI Yashu;LI Ranqi;HOU Wei;QU Zhengyi;LI Yali;ZHENG Peihe(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112 [2]吉林农业科技学院,吉林132109

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2022年第5期1308-1315,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1600900、2017YFC1702102);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ISAPS)。

摘　　要：本研究以人参链格孢为靶标菌,采用平板对峙法从人参根际土壤筛选出一株拮抗细菌YJ 3-7,结合细胞形态判断、16S rDNA和gyr A基因序列比对分析,鉴定菌株YJ 3-7为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。该菌株的发酵液、菌悬液和无菌发酵液对人参链格孢的生长均具有抑制作用,抑制率分别为98.76%、98.27%和70.62%。离体叶片和盆栽试验表明YJ3-7发酵液可以较好地防治人参黑斑病,防效分别为63.24%和67.92%,盆栽防效略低于多菌灵(72.81%)。除此之外,菌株YJ 3-7还能有效抑制其他8种病原真菌的生长。研究表明贝莱斯芽胞杆菌YJ 3-7抑菌谱广,对人参黑斑病具有显著的防治效果,在植物病害防治中具有一定的应用潜力,可为人参黑斑病生物防治药剂的开发奠定基础。An antagonistic bacterial strain YJ 3-7 was screened from the rhizosphere soil of ginseng by plate confrontation method using Alternaria panax as indicators.Combined with cell morphology,16S rDNA and gyr A gene sequence alignment analysis,the strain YJ 3-7 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.Fermentation broth,bacterial suspension and fermentation liquid without bacteria of strain YJ 3-7 all had inhibitory effects on the growth of A.panax,and the inhibition rates were 98.76%,98.27% and 70.62%,respectively.In vitro leaf experiment and pot experiment showed that YJ 3-7 fermentation broth could control ginseng black spot disease,with the control efficacies of 63.24% and 67.92%,respectively.The pot control effect of YJ 3-7 fermentation broth was slightly lower than that of carbendazim(72.81%).In addition,strain YJ 3-7 could effectively inhibit the growth of other 8 plant pathogens.The above results show that B.velezensis YJ 3-7 has broad-spectrum antagonistic effect,and obvious control effect on ginseng black spot disease,which laid a foundation for the development of bio-control agents against ginseng black spot disease.

关 键 词：人参黑斑病 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.675[农业科学—植物保护]