喷雾诱导基因沉默技术在植物真菌病害防治中的研究进展  

Advances in the Development of Spray-Induced Gene Silencing for the Management of Plant Pathogenic Fungi

作　　者：莫芹 蒋玮[1] 陈一帆 吕贝贝[1] MO Qin;JIANG Wei;CHEN Yifan;Lü Beibei(Biotechnology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所/上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201106

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2022年第5期1316-1324,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：上海市鲜食玉米产业体系建设(沪农科产字(2017)第10号);上海市科委“一带一路”国际合作项目(20310750500);上海市农业科学院助跑项目(ZP21211);上海市农业科学院卓越团队(农科创2022(B-16));上海市科委社会发展科技领域重点项目(19DZ1203802)。

摘　　要：植物病原真菌是农业上的第一大病原菌,能够持续性地给全球的作物和果蔬产量带来严重的损失。目前真菌病害的防治方法主要依赖化学农药的大量使用,这也带来了真菌耐药性、食品安全以及生态环境污染等问题,因此开发应对病原真菌的新型绿色防控技术迫在眉睫。喷雾诱导基因沉默(spray induced gene silencing,SIGS)技术是一种通过外源施用双链RNA或小干扰RNA的方式来控制病原体关键靶标基因的生物技术,是农业生产上颇具潜力的新型绿色防控技术之一,目前已经成功应用于多种病原真菌的防控。本文主要综述了SIGS技术原理及其在植物真菌病害防治研究中的研究进展,旨在为开发用于防治植物病原真菌的生物农药提供研究基础。Fungal pathogens are the largest group of plant pathogens in agriculture,which continuously lead to serious yield loss of crops,fruit and vegetables worldwide.At present the control of pathogenic fungi mainly rely on the extensive use of chemical fungicides,which also brings us several concerns such as resistance to fungicides,food safety and ecological environment pollution.Thus,it is urgent to develop a green management strategy for pathogenic fungi in agriculture.Spraying induced gene silencing(SIGS) technology is a new potential bio-control technology in field application by using specific double-stranded RNA or small interfering RNA to control targeted genes of pathogens,which has been successfully applied to control numerous pathogenic fungi.Here,we focused on the advances in the development of SIGS mechanism and its applications on the management of plant pathogenic fungi,which might be helpful to the development of plant pathogenic fungi-targeted bio-pesticides based on SIGS.

关 键 词：喷雾诱导基因沉默 RNA干扰 植物真菌病害 生物农药 植物保护 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]