胶州湾女姑口海域大型底栖动物群落特征与生态健康评价  

Community Characteristics and Ecological Health Assessment of Macrobenthos in Nügukou of Jiaozhou Bay

作　　者：刘欣禹 齐衍萍[1,2,3] 沙婧婧 徐子钧 菅潇扬[1,2,3] 杜小媛 温国义 周瑞佳 LIU Xinyu;QI Yanping;SHA Jingjing;XU Zijun;JIAN Xiaoyang;DU Xiaoyuan;WEN Guoyi;ZHOU Ruijia(North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao,Shandong,266000,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao,Shandong,266000,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Qingdao,Shandong,266000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266000 [2]自然资源部渤海生态预警与保护修复重点实验室,山东青岛266000 [3]山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《广西科学》2022年第6期1197-1205,共9页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国际项目(UNDP/GEF YSLMEⅡ);山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室开放基金项目(202001);自然资源部北海局科技项目(202201)资助。

摘　　要：为探究青岛胶州湾女姑口海域大型底栖动物群落特征,并对该海域进行底栖生态评价,2018年11月与2019年4月于胶州湾女姑口潮下带海域设置12个调查站位,开展大型底栖动物与环境要素调查。秋、春两个航次共检出大型底栖动物82种,其中环节动物多毛类29种、节肢动物甲壳类29种、软体动物18种,这3个门类种类数占总种类数的92.68%;大型底栖动物平均生物密度665.83 ind./m^(2),平均生物量358.65 g/m^(2),平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.77。两个航次均表现出明显优势的种为寡鳃齿吻沙蚕(Nephtys oligobranchia)、寡节甘吻沙蚕(Glycinde gurjanovae)和菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum),其次为小型贝类及多毛类,优势物种表现出小型化趋势。基于栖息密度进行典范对应分析(CCA)表明,盐度、水温是影响大型底栖动物分布特征的主要因子。大型底栖动物群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、AZTI海洋生物指数(AMBI)及多变量AMBI (M-AMBI)分析显示,胶州湾女姑口海域底栖生态系统受到一定程度的干扰。In order to explore the community characteristics of macrobenthos and evaluate the benthic ecology in Nügukou sea area of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay, 12 survey stations were set up in the subtidal zone of Nügukou in Jiaozhou Bay in November 2018 and April 2019 to investigate the macrobenthos and environmental factors. A total of 82 species of macrobenthos were detected in autumn and spring voyages. There were 29 species of annelid polychaetes, 29 species of arthropod crustaceans and 18 species of mollusks, accounting for 92.68% of the total species.The average biological density of macrobenthos was 665.83 ind./m^(2) and the average biomass was 358.65 g/m^(2),Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.77. The dominant species in both voyages were Nephtys oligobranchia,Glycinde gurjanovae and Ruditapes philippinarum,followed by small shellfish and polychaetes. The dominant species showed a trend of miniaturization. Canonical Correlation Analysis(CCA) based on habitat density showed that salinity and water temperature were the main factors affecting the distribution characteristics of macrobenthos. The analysis of Shannon-Wiener diversity index, AZTI Marine Biological Index(AMBI) and multivariate AMBI(M-AMBI) of macrobenthic community showed that the macrobenthic ecosystem in Nügukou area of Jiaozhou Bay was disturbed to some extent.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 海洋生态健康 AMBI 相关性分析 胶州湾女姑口 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]