2005—2021年盐都区水痘流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Yandu District from 2005 to 2021

作　　者：何飞[1] 马永法[1] 顾春艳 潘铭 陈万庚 HE Fei;MA Yongfa;GU Chunyan;PAN Ming;CHEN Wangeng(Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Yandu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224000,China)

机构地区：[1]盐城市盐都区疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,江苏盐城224000

出　　处：《预防医学》2023年第1期61-64,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解2005—2021年江苏省盐城市盐都区水痘流行特征,为完善水痘防控策略提供依据。方法通过国家传染病网络直报系统收集2005—2021年盐都区水痘病例资料,通过江苏省计划免疫接种系统收集2016—2021年盐都区水痘疫苗接种情况,采用年度变化百分比(APC)分析水痘发病率变化趋势,分析水痘病例发病的时间、人群和地区分布,以及2005—2021年出生队列人群水痘疫苗累积首针接种率与水痘发病率的相关性。结果2005—2021年盐都区报告水痘病例6144例,年均发病率为50.05/10万。2012—2018年水痘发病率呈上升趋势,APC值为77.97%(t=11.702,P<0.001);2018—2021年发病率呈下降趋势,APC值为-41.93%(t=-6.911,P<0.001)。发病高峰为11月至次年1月和5—6月,病例数分别占45.95%和20.35%。男性年均发病率为54.72/10万,高于女性的45.00/10万(χ^(2)=57.858,P<0.001)。6~9岁人群年均发病率最高,为543.78/10万;以小学生和幼托儿童为主,分别占38.40%和31.85%。东部城区年均发病率较高,为74.27/10万。2019年(r=-0.501,P<0.001)、2020年(r=-0.646,P<0.001)和2021年(r=-0.602,P<0.001),2005—2021年出生队列人群水痘疫苗累积首针接种率与发病率均呈负相关。结论2005—2021年盐都区水痘发病率呈先上升后下降趋势,冬季和春夏交替季节为发病高峰,小学生和幼托儿童为主要发病人群。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Yandu District,Yancheng City,Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2021,so as to provide insights into the improvements of the varicella control strategy.Methods The data pertaining to cases in Yandu District from 2005 to 2021 were captured from the National Notifiable Diseases Network Reporting System,and the coverage of varicella vaccination in Yandu District from 2016 to 2021 was captured from the Jiangsu Provincial Immunization Planning System.The trends in incidence of varicella were analyzed using annual percent change(APC),the temporal,population and spatial distributions of varicella cases were descriptively analyzed,and the correlation between the cumulative first-dose varicella vaccination rate and incidence of varicella was examined among birth cohorts in Yandu District from 2005 to 2021.Results Totally 6144 varicella cases were reported in Yandu District from 2005 to 2021,with annual mean reported incidence of 50.05/10^(5).The incidence of varicella appeared a tendency towards a rise in Yandu District from 2012 to 2018,with APC of 77.97%(t=11.702,P<0.001),and the incidence appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2018 to 2021,with APC of-41.93%(t=-6.911,P<0.001).The incidence of varicella peaked during the period between November and January of the following year(45.95%),and during the period between May and June(20.35%).The mean incidence of varicella was higher among men than among women(54.72/10^(5)vs.45.00/10^(5);χ^(2)=57.858,P<0.001).The highest incidence of varicella was found among cases at ages of 6 to 9 years(543.78/10^(5)),and varicella predominantly occurred among primary school students(38.40%)and pre-school children(31.85%),with high annual mean incidence in the eastern urban areas(74.27/10^(5)).The cumulative first-dose varicella vaccination rate negatively correlated with the incidence of varicella among the birth cohorts in Yandu District in 2019(r=-0.501,P<0.001),2020(r=-0.646,P<0.001)and 2021(r=-0.602,P<0.001).Co

关 键 词：水痘 流行特征 预防接种 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]