2015—2021年湖州市MMR疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果  

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization with combined attenuated live measles,mumps and rubella vaccines in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：张超 沈建勇[1] 罗小福[1] 徐秦儿[1] 韩利萍 ZHANG Chao;SHEN Jianyong;LUO Xiaofu;XU Qin'er;HAN Liping(Department of Immunization Planning,Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《预防医学》2023年第1期74-77,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：湖州市科技计划项目(2020GY37)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2015—2021年湖州市接种麻疹-流行性腮腺炎-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测结果,为MMR疫苗免疫策略实施提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统免疫规划系统AEFI监测管理系统收集2015—2021年湖州市接种MMR疫苗的AEFI监测资料,描述性分析AEFI发生情况、临床表现和流行特征。结果 2015—2021年湖州市MMR疫苗AEFI报告发生率呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=124.126,P<0.001);累计接种324 386剂次,报告AEFI 317例,报告发生率为9.77/万剂。实施2剂次免疫策略后,接种2剂次MMR疫苗AEFI报告发生率为6.01/万剂,低于接种1剂次的25.43/万剂(χ2=113.692,P<0.001)。一般反应、异常反应和偶合症的报告发生率分别为6.20/万剂、3.42/万剂和0.15/万剂,临床表现以发热和过敏性皮疹为主;无疫苗质量事故、接种事故和心因性反应报告。接种后24 h内发生AEFI 246例,占77.60%。发生AEFI的儿童中,男童173例,占54.57%;年龄以<1岁为主,200例占63.09%。各季度均有AEFI报告,第四季度报告99例,占31.23%。吴兴区报告例数最多,78例占24.61%。结论 湖州市MMR疫苗接种安全性较好,AEFI以一般反应为主,主要发生在接种后24 h内。接种2剂次MMR疫苗不会增加AEFI发生风险。Objective To monitor the adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with combined attenuated live measles,mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR) in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021,so as to provide insights into the implementation of the MMR immunization strategy.Methods All AEFI caused by MMR immunization in Huzhou City from 2015to 2021 were captured from the AEFI Monitoring Information Management System of the Immunization Planning System of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the incidence,clinical features and epidemiological features of AEFI were analyzed descriptively.Results The reported incidence of AEFI caused by MMR immunization appeared a tendency towards a rise in Huzhou City from 2015 to 2021 (χ~2trend=124.126,P<0.001).Totally 324 386 doses of MMR vaccines were immunized,and 317 cases with AEFI were reported,with an reported incidence rate of 9.77/10~4 doses.Following two-dose immunization,the reported incidence of AEFI caused by two-dose MMR immunization was significantly lower than by one-dose immunization (6.01/10~4 doses vs.25.43/10~4 doses;χ~2=113.692,P<0.001).The incidence rates of general reactions,abnormal reactions and coincidental events were 6.20/10~4 doses,3.42/10~4 dose and 0.15/10~4 doses,respectively.Fever and allergic rash were predominant clinical manifestations of AEFI,and no vaccine quality accident,inoculation accident or psychogenic reaction were reported.There were 246 (77.60%) cases with AEFI within 24hours following vaccination,and among children with AEFI,there were 173 boys (54.57%),and 200 children (63.09%)age ages of less than one year (63.09%).AEFI was reported in each quarter,and 99 cases (31.23%) were reported in the fourth quarter.The largest number of children with AEFI was reported in Wuxing District (78 cases,24.61%).Conclusions The safety of MMR vaccination is high in Huzhou City.General reaction is the predominant AEFI,which mainly occurs within 24 hours following vaccination.Two-dose MMR vaccination does not increase the risk of AEFI.

关 键 词：麻疹-流行性腮腺炎-风疹联合减毒活疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]