裸型甘蓝粉虱和背负型甘蓝粉虱两种入侵甘蓝粉虱对3种寄主的选择性  

Selectivity of Two Invasive Whiteflies Aleyrodes proletella L.and Aleyrodes sp.to Three Host Species

作　　者：吉宇星 帕提玛·乌木尔汗 张瑞星月 马德英[1,2,3] JI Yu-xing;Patima Wumuerhan;ZHANG Rui-xingyue;MA De-ying(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species in Agriculture&Forestry of the North-western Desert Oasis Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Safety Prevention and Control of Agriculture and Forest Pests,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2022年第6期474-479,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960563)。

摘　　要：选取入侵害虫裸型甘蓝粉虱(Aleyrodes proletella L.)和背负型甘蓝粉虱(Aleyrodes sp.)两个种群在新疆的主要危害寄主油麦菜(Lactuca sativa L.)、小白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis L.)以及甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.),比较研究了两种甘蓝粉虱对3种寄主的选择性。结果表明,在不同寄主上,两种甘蓝粉虱种群的单位面积产卵量和单位面积若虫量有显著差异(P<0.05)。在油麦菜上,两种甘蓝粉虱的单位面积产卵量和单位面积若虫量最高,裸型甘蓝粉虱(3.02±0.35)粒/cm^(2)和(2.63±0.43)头/cm^(2),背负型甘蓝粉虱分别达(2.96±0.30)粒/cm^(2)和(2.38±0.25)头/cm^(2);在甘蓝上最低,裸型甘蓝粉虱分别达(0.18±0.22)粒/cm^(2)和(0.12±0.18)头/cm^(2),背负型甘蓝粉虱分别达(0.13±0.03)粒/cm^(2)和(0.09±0.02)头/cm^(2)。适合性指数分析表明,油麦菜为裸型甘蓝粉虱和背负型甘蓝粉虱的嗜好寄主,适合性指数分别为12.24和9.98。小白菜虽为裸型甘蓝粉虱和背负型甘蓝粉虱的嗜好寄主,适合性指数分别为2.90和1.27,但适合性远低于油麦菜。甘蓝为裸型和背负型两种粉虱的非嗜好寄主,适合性指数分别为0.32和0.20。裸型甘蓝粉虱在油麦菜、小白菜和甘蓝3种寄主上的适合性程度均高于背负型甘蓝粉虱。可以将两种粉虱的嗜好寄主油麦菜作为非油麦菜田的诱集植物,或者将非嗜好寄主甘蓝作为趋避植物,通过生态调控减轻两种甘蓝粉虱的危害。In this study,we selected the common hosts of two populations of invasive insect pests Aleyrodes proletella L.(the Bare type)and Aleyrodes sp.(the Loaded type),including Lactuca sativa L.,Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis L.and Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.,and then compared the selectivity of the two species of two whiteflies to the three hosts.The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of oviposition per unit area and number of nymphs per unit area between the two whiteflies populations on different hosts(P<0.05).On Lactuca sativa L.,the number of eggs per unit area and the number of nymphs per unit area of the two whiteflies were the highest,with(3.02±0.35)eggs/cm^(2) and(2.63±0.43)nymphs/cm^(2) for the Bare type and(2.96±0.30)eggs/cm^(2) and(2.38±0.25)nymphs/cm^(2) for the Loaded type,respectively.The lowest on Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.was(0.18±0.22)eggs/cm^(2) and(0.12±0.18)nymphs/cm^(2) for the Bare type,and(0.13±0.03)eggs/cm^(2) and(0.09±0.02)nymphs/cm^(2) for the Loaded type,respectively.The results of fitness index analysis showed that Lactuca sativa L.was the preferred host of the Bare type and the Loaded type,and the fitness index was 12.24 and 9.98,respectively.Although Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis L.was the preferred host of the Bare type and the Loaded type,its fitness index was 2.90 and 1.27,respectively,but its fitness was much lower than that of Lactuca sativa L.Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.was a non-habitant host for the Bare type and the Loaded type,and the fitness index was 0.32 and 0.20,respectively.The fitness degree of the Bare type population was higher than that of the Loaded type population on the three host species.In conclusion,we can use both Lactuca sativa L.,and the favorite host of the two whiteflies,as attractor plants in non-brassica oleracea fields,or use Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.,the non-favorite host,as evading plants to reduce the harm of the two whiteflies through ecological regulation.

关 键 词：裸型甘蓝粉虱 背负型甘蓝粉虱 寄主选择性 寄主适合性指数 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]