2020年玉林市22家采矿业重点职业病危害监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of key occupational hazards in 22 mining industries in Yulin,Guangxi in 2020

作　　者：吴炎农 陈明文[1] 李勇[1] 周文青[1] WU Yan-nong;CHEN Ming-wen;LI Yong;ZHOU Wen-qing(Department of Occupational Health,Yulin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yulin,Guangxi 537000,China)

机构地区：[1]玉林市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2022年第6期898-901,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的分析玉林市采矿业工作场所重点职业病危害因素及其浓度(强度),提出采矿业职业病危害防控重点,为该行业专项治理提供科学依据。方法通过工作场所职业病监测,2020年收集玉林市22家采矿业不同岗位工作场所的粉尘、噪声等重点职业病危害因素的浓度(强度)监测结果,并进行统计学分析。结果玉林市22家采矿业中90.91%为非金属矿选业,以小微企业、私营企业、重点行业为主,分别占86.36%、68.18%、81.82%;建筑装饰用石开采的粉尘、噪声接害人数最多,分别占51.34%、50.74%;采矿业粉尘、噪声的超标率分别为27.38%、26.14%,其中黏土及其他土砂石开采的粉尘、噪声超标率均最高,分别为50.00%、31.25%;采矿业运输岗位的粉尘、噪声接害人数最多,分别占33.13%、32.74%;凿岩岗位的粉尘、噪声超标率均最高,分别为83.33%、77.78%。各行业之间的粉尘、噪声超标率比较差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.149、0.766,均P>0.05);各岗位之间粉尘、噪声超标率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=35.749、41.072,均P<0.05)。结论粉尘、噪声是玉林市采矿业的重点职业病危害因素,凿岩、破碎等岗位的粉尘、噪声超标率均较高,应进一步加强职业病危害源头治理,改善工作场所劳动条件,保护劳动者的职业健康。Objective To highlight the prevention and control of occupational hazards in mining industry,and provide scientific basis for the special management of mining industry,this paper analyzes the key occupational hazard factors and their concentration(intensity)in the workplaces of mining industry in Yulin,Guangxi.Methods The concentration(intensity)monitoring results of key occupational hazard factors such as dust and noise in workplaces of 22 mining industry in Yulin City,Guangxi were statistically analyzed.Results 90.91%of the 22 mining industries in Yulin were non-metallic mineral processing industry,with the majority being small and micro enterprises,private enterprises and key industries,accounting for 86.36%,68.18%and 81.82%respectively;The number of people exposed to dust and noise in building decoration stone mining was the largest,accounting for 51.34%and 50.74%respectively;The exceeding standard rates of dust and noise in mining industry were 27.38%and 26.14%respectively,among which the exceeding standard rates of dust and noise in clay and other soil and sand mining were the highest,50.00%and 31.25%respectively;The number of people exposed to dust and noise in transportation posts in mining industry was the largest,accounting for 33.13%and 32.74%respectively;The exceeding standard rate of dust and noise in rock drilling posts were the highest,83.33%and 77.78%respectively.There were no significant differences in the exceeding standard rate of dust and noise among industries(χ^(2)=5.149、0.766,both P>0.05);There were statistically significant differences of dust and noise exceeding standard rate among different posts(χ^(2)=35.749、41.072,both P<0.05).Conclusion Dust and noise are the key occupational hazard factors in Yulin mining industry.The exceeding standard rates of dust and noise in rock drilling,crushing and other posts are high.We should further strengthen the source control of occupational hazards,improve working conditions in the workplace and protect workers'occupational health.

关 键 词：采矿业 粉尘 噪声 职业病危害因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]