具有微相分离结构水凝胶的增强增韧策略及制备方法的研究现状  

Strengthening and Toughening Strategy,and Preparation Method for Hydrogel with Microphase Separation Structure

作　　者：赵雪琦 刘潇 周战荣 高旸 沈晓芳 胡建 Xueqi Zhao;Xiao Liu;Zhanrong Zhou;Yang Gao;Xiaofang Shen;Jian Hu(Department of Physics,Institute of High Technology,Xi’an 710025,China;State Key Laboratory of Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,International Center for Applied Mechanics,School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学基础部物理室,陕西西安710025 [2]西安交通大学机械强度与振动国家重点实验室航空航天学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2022年第12期146-154,共9页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：火箭军工程大学科研基金(2021QN-B024);陕西省自然科学基金面上项目(2022JM-341)。

摘　　要：现代化的生产生活实践推动着水凝胶材料向高强韧力学性能方向不断发展。最近5年,通过向水凝胶中引入微相分离结构成为了十分新颖的增强增韧设计策略和高强韧水凝胶的制备亮点。文中主要综述了高强韧水凝胶的4类设计策略,即均匀网络理论、牺牲键理论、集中交联点理论、“硬-软”相结构理论及典型的水凝胶种类,并归纳出4种引发微相分离结构的制备方法,即外力取向诱发、溶剂置换诱发、温度诱发和离子扩散诱发。在此基础上,总结出具有微相分离结构高强韧水凝胶的增韧机理,并给出需要研究解决的关键科学问题及发展方向。The continuous development of hydrogel towards the direction of high strength and toughness mechanical properties was promoted by modern productions and requirements.In recent five years,many novel design strategies which are introducing microphase separation structure into hydrogels for strengthening and toughening,have become a highlight of research.In this review,four design strategies to strengthen and toughen,including the homogenized network theory,sacrificed bond theory,concentrated cross-linking theory,"hard-soft"phase structure theory and the typical types of hydrogels,were mainly generalized.Four kinds of methods to prepare microphase separation structure were summarized as the orientation by external forces,the solvent displacement,the precipitation by temperature,the precipitation by ion diffusion.About strong and tough hydrogels with microphase separation structure,the toughening mechanism was summarized,the key of scientific problems was given and direction of development was proposed.

关 键 词：水凝胶 高强韧 微相分离 

分 类 号：TQ427.26[化学工程]