铁路钢轨冻胀仿真分析与试验研究  

Simulation Analysis and Experimental Research on Frost Heave of Railway Rails

作　　者：陈玉亮 王大志[1,2] 蔡小勇 李志广[3] 陈相吉[1] 马韬 王立鼎 Chen Yuliang;Wang Dazhi;Cai Xiaoyong;Li Zhiguang;Chen Xiangji;Ma Tao;Wang Liding(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116024,China;Ningbo Research Institute,Dalian University of Technology,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315016,China;Shenyang Railway Signal Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang,Liaoning 110025,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连理工大学宁波研究院,浙江宁波315016 [3]沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司,沈阳110025

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2022年第11期171-173,共3页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：针对寒区钢轨冻胀高度测量问题,通过仿真计算及实验分析验证应变电测法对钢轨冻胀高度进行测量的可行性。寒区铁路由于冬季路基冻胀导致钢轨产生几何变形,出现钢轨鼓包等类余弦冻胀现象。冻胀高度过大会增加轨道受力且加剧轨道状态恶化。铁路养护部门需在冻胀期内对钢轨冻胀高度进行及时准确地测量,以掌握钢轨冻胀情况并适时调整轨道结构,保障轨道及列车通行安全。传统的人工测量方式对作业时间及人员技术要求较高。基于上述背景,通过ANSYS有限元软件仿真分析了无缝钢轨锁定条件下的冻胀高度与冻胀应变的变化规律,提出了利用应变电测法测量钢轨冻胀高度的方法。建立了钢轨冻胀实验平台,利用液压装置模拟钢轨冻胀,钢轨受力测量装置对钢轨冻胀应变进行测量。根据钢轨冻胀高度与冻胀应变的曲线关系,证明了应变电测法可对钢轨冻胀高度进行测量。通过此种方法可实现对钢轨冻胀高度的无人、实时测量。Aiming at the problem of measuring the frost heave height of the rail in cold regions,the feasibility of measuring the frost heave height of the rail by the strain electrical measurement method was verified by simulation calculation and experimental analysis.Due to the frost heave of the subgrade in winter,the railway in cold region causes the geometric deformation of the rail,and the phenomenon of cosine frost heave such as the bulge of the rail occurs.Excessive frost heave height increases the orbital force and aggravate the deterioration of the orbital state.The railway maintenance department needs to timely and accurately measure the frost heave height of the rail during the frost heave period,so as to grasp the condition of the rail frost heave and adjust the track structure in a timely manner to ensure the safety of the rail and trains.The traditional manual measurement method has high requirements on operation time and personnel skills.Based on the above background,ANSYS finite element software was used to simulate and analyze the changing law of frost heave height and frost heave strain under the condition of seamless rail locking,and a method was proposed to measure the rail frost heave height by using strain electrical measurement method.A rail frost heave experiment platform was established,the rail frost heave was simulated by a hydraulic device,and the rail frost heave strain was measured by a rail force measuring device.According to the curve relationship between the rail frost heave height and the frost heave strain,it is proved that the strain electrical measurement method can measure the rail frost heave height.The method can realize unmanned and real-time measurement of the rail frost heave height.

关 键 词：无缝钢轨 冻胀高度 ANSYS仿真 应变电测法 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]