电梯夹绳器的案例分析及检验探讨  

Case Analysis and Inspection of Elevator Rope Gripper

作　　者：李式真 Li Shizhen(Ningde Branch,Fujian Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Ningde,Fujian 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省特种设备检验研究院宁德分院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2022年第12期293-296,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：电梯是现代生活与工作的重要工具,其安全运行直接关系到人身安全。当电梯制动器失效时,上行超速保护装置作为最后一道屏障,可防止出现电梯冲顶、溜梯等事故,故研究电梯上行超速保护装置的安全性势在必行。针对夹绳器类型的上行保护装置,根据其工作原理,探讨夹绳器类型的上行超速保护装置检验要点,提出静态检测确认夹绳器的触发可靠性、动态检测试验夹绳器制动性能和综合检验判断夹绳器制动力与曳引力的关系3种方式;并结合实际检验案例,分析了两起夹绳器故障,一起是由于夹绳器的夹紧弹簧行程限位螺母位置异常,导致夹紧弹簧无法释放弹力,夹绳器无法动作;另一起是由于夹绳器与钢丝绳的相对位置异常,使两块夹板闸衬凹槽磨损严重,导致夹绳器制动性能下降,无法可靠制动。通过对检验案例的故障形式及故障原因进行分析,提出对夹绳器类型的上行超速保护装置检验时需要对其触发有效性及制动可靠性两方面进行综合判定。Elevator is an important tool for modern life and work,its safe operation is directly related to personal safety.When the elevator brake fails,the upward overspeed protection device is used as the last barrier to prevent accidents such as elevator jacking and sliding.Therefore,it is imperative to study the safety of elevator upward overspeed protection device.Based on the upward protection device of rope gripper type and its working principle,the inspection points of upward overspeed protection device of rope gripper type were discussed,and three ways were put forward:static detection to confirm the trigger reliability of rope gripper,dynamic detection to test the braking performance of rope gripper and comprehensive inspection to judge the relationship between braking force and traction force of rope gripper.Combined with the actual inspection cases,two rope gripper faults were analyzed.One was that the clamping spring could not release the elastic force and the rope gripper could not act due to the abnormal position of the clamping spring stroke limit nut of the rope gripper;second,due to the abnormal relative position between the rope gripper and the steel wire rope,the grooves of the brake linings of the two splints were seriously worn,resulting in the decline of the braking performance of the rope gripper and the inability of reliable braking.By analyzing the failure forms and causes of the inspection cases,it was proposed that the inspection of the rope gripper type uplink overspeed protection device need to comprehensively judge its trigger effectiveness and braking reliability.

关 键 词：电梯 夹绳器 上行超速 检验检测 

分 类 号：TU857[建筑科学]