电梯限速器的定期检验分析  

Regular Inspection and Analysis of Elevator Speed Governor

作　　者：张学斌 Zhang Xuebin(Quanzhou Branch,Fujian Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省特种设备检验研究院泉州分院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2022年第12期306-308,共3页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：当电梯出现轿厢超速坠落,进而诱发严重的安全事故时,限速器能够将轿厢制停。因此做好限速器的定期检验工作,确保其可靠运行、动作灵敏显得尤为关键。鉴于此,重点论述了电梯限速器的结构、工作原理和限速器的定期检验要点,提出应对绳轮、活动部件和离心甩块等动作运转情况进行重点检查,查看有无活动部件锈蚀、动作卡阻等问题;结合联动试验和限速器动作速度校验对限速器的触发有效性、触发后制动可靠性以及动作速度是否符合3方面进行确认。并通过3起实际案例进行检验,一起是由于限速器触发锁舌与摆臂的间隙过大,导致限速器无法有效动作;另一起是由于限速器钢丝绳与轿厢脱连接,导致轿厢无法有效刹停;第三起是由于限速器机械动作机构连接的铰点位置发生锈蚀、卡阻,导致限速器动作速度超出规定范围。通过对检验案例的分析,提出限速器的定期检验时,应重点关注限速器的触发故障、触发后制动故障以及动作速度超出规定范围这3方面的故障形式。When the elevator car overspeed falls,which leads to serious safety accidents,the speed governor can stop the car. Therefore,it is particularly critical to do a good job in the regular inspection of the speed governor to ensure its reliable operation and sensitive action. In view of this,the structure and working principle of elevator speed governor and the key points of regular inspection of speed governor were focused on,and that the action operation was put forward of rope sheave,movable parts and centrifugal throwing block should be checked to see whether there were problems such as corrosion of movable parts and action jamming. Combined with linkage test and speed governor action speed verification,the trigger effectiveness of speed governor,braking reliability after triggering and whether the action speed meets the requirement were confirmed. It was tested by three actual cases. One was that the clearance between the trigger latch and the swing arm of the speed limiter was too large,resulting in the failure of the speed limiter to act effectively,another reason was that the speed limiter wire rope was disconnected from the car,which led to the car′s failure to brake effectively,the third was due to corrosion and jamming at the hinge point of the mechanical action mechanism of the speed governor,which led to the action speed of the speed governor exceeding the specified range. Through the analysis of inspection cases,it was proposed that during the periodic inspection of speed governor,the three fault forms should be focused on of trigger fault of speed governor,braking fault after trigger and action speed exceeding the specified range.

关 键 词：电梯 限速器 检验检测 

分 类 号：TU857[建筑科学]