2011—2021年广东省先天性肢体短缩畸形流行状况分析  

Prevalence of congenital reduction limb defects in Guangdong province, 2011-2021

作　　者：徐昊立 鲍俏[1] 李玉萍[1] 吴亚男 吴云涛[1] 方俊[1] XU Haoli;BAO Qiao;LI Yuping;WU Yanan;WU Yuntao;FANG Jun(Guangdong Women and Children Hospital,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511442,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院,广东广州511442

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2022年第12期2140-2143,共4页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：目的 分析广东省2011—2021年间先天性肢体短缩畸形的流行情况。方法 以广东省2011—2021年58间出生缺陷监测医院分娩的围生儿及产母为研究对象,分析广东省先天性肢体短缩畸形的特征和分布。结果 2011—2021年58间出生缺陷监测医院累积共监测围生儿284.48万例,报告先天性肢体短缩畸形1425例,男性患儿723例,女性患儿546例,性别不明156例,全省肢体短缩检出率为5.01/万;2011—2021年全省先天性肢体短缩检出率由7.77/万降低到3.23/万,年度检出率差异经卡方趋势检验有统计学意义(χ^(2)=103.02,P<0.001)。先天性肢体短缩上肢左的检出率最高,下肢左的检出率最低,部位间的检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.95,P=0.99)。男性和女性检出率分别为6.43/万和5.67/万,男性/女性为1.13,符合大多数先天性缺陷的性别间差异规律。产母年龄在30-岁组的男性患儿和<20岁组的女性患儿检出率分别为7.00/万和7.16/万,为本性别组内最高。围生儿的先天性肢体短缩发生率和活产儿先天性肢体短缩发生率分别是度量先天性肢体短缩防控措施有效性和先天性肢体短缩疾病负担的重要指标。以诊断孕周分组,2011—2021年神经管缺陷患儿于<28周前确诊的比例由42.33%提高到53.52%(χ^(2)=10.65,P=0.001),28周以后确诊的比例由58.28/万下降到39.44/万(χ^(2)=11.47,P<0.001)。以转归分组,活产儿先天性肢体短缩发生率由2.72/万下降到1.05/万(χ^(2)=32.30,P<0.001)结论 推广孕前优生教育,加强孕期筛查和肢体短缩缺陷儿的临床救治有利于减少该缺陷的疾病负担。Objective To analyze the prevalence of congenital reduction limb defects between 2011 and 2021 in Guangdong province. Methods In this study, we analyzed the distribution characteristics of congenital reduction limb defects in 58 birth defect monitoring hospitals in Guangdong province from 2011 to 2021. Results A total of 2844.8 thousand births were screened in 58 birth-defects monitoring hospitals from 2011 to 2021, and 1425 cases of congenital reduction limb defects were reported, including 723 male children, 546 female children, and 156 cases of unconfirmed gender. The birth prevalence rate of all congenital reduction limb defects were 5.01/10000 births for 2011–2021. From 2011 to 2021, the birth prevalence of congenital reduction limb defects decreased from 7.77 to 3.23 per 10000, and the trend showed statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=103.02, P<0.001). The highest rate was found in the left side of the upper limb and the lowest in the left side of the lower limb, but there was no statistically significant difference between locations(χ^(2)=14.95, P=0.99). The prevalence rate of congenital reduction limb defects were 6.43 per 10000 and 5.67 per 10000 fory male, and fe male/female was 1.13, which consistent with the gender difference of most kind congenital defects. The prevalence rates of male children aged 30-years and female children aged <20 years were 70.0/1000 and 71.6/1000, respectively, which were the highest in their gender group.According to the gestational weeks, the proportion of children with congenital reduction limb defects diagnosed before <28weeks increased from 42.33% to 53.52%(χ^(2)=10.65, P=0.001), and that after 28 weeks decreased from 58.28/10000 to 39.44/10000(χ^(2)=11.47, P<0.001). According to the outcome with congenital reduction limb defects, the live birth incidence decreased from 2.72/10000 to 1.05/10000(χ^(2)=32.30, P<0.001). Conclusion It’s necessary to promote pre-pregnancy healthy birth education, strengthening pregnancy screening and clinical treatment of infan

关 键 词：先天性肢体短缩 出生缺陷 疾病监测 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]