新型农村户用污水预处理厌氧反应器的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of new rural household sewage pretreatment anaerobic reactor

作　　者：胡国华[1] 张强[1] 赵柳洁[1,2] 贺立三 高林朝[1] 孙润超[1] 谢毅 肖菊[1] 贾兵[1] HU Guohua;ZHANG Qiang;ZHAO Liujie;HE Lisan;GAO Linchao;SUN Runchao;XIE Yi;XIAO Ju;JIA Bing(Energy Research Institute Co.Ltd,Henan Academy of Sciences,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院能源研究所有限公司,河南郑州450008 [2]河南财经政法大学,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2022年第6期1033-1040,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(182102210075);河南省科学院科研开发专项(200606105,200606086,200606120)。

摘　　要：【目的】解决农村生活污水处理效果低下和集中式污水站出水水质波动超标问题。【方法】基于农村户厕粪便尿液及厨房废水协同处理的源分离方案,联合可附着活性生物膜的悬浮填料,提出一种新型的适宜于农村户用的无外部动力式厌氧污水处理装置。通过对该反应器的结构形式和工艺特点的对比分析,结合工程应用对出水水质和运行效果进行测试。【结果】该新型农村户用污水预处理厌氧反应器化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand, COD)的去除率可达65%~72%,5日生化需氧量(biochemical oxygen demand after five days, BOD_(5))的去除率最高可达85%,悬浮物(suspended solids, SS)的去除率最高可达89%,出水水质保证了后续经管网到达污水处理站的稳定性。【结论】该新型农村户用污水预处理厌氧反应器作为农村污水站前端的处理装置可在预处理阶段满足一定的资源化利用,具有较强实用性。【Objective】In order to solve the problems of low efficiency of rural domestic sewage treatment and excessive effluent quality of centralized rural sewage station. 【Method】Therefore, based on the “source separation ” scheme of cooperative treatment between rural fecal urine and kitchen wastewater, a new type of non-external power anaerobic sewage pretreatment device suitable for rural households was proposed combined with the suspended filler of attached active biofilm. The structure and process characteristics of the reactor were compared and analyzed. And the effluent quality and operation effect of the reactor were preliminarily tested combined with engineering application. 【Result】The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand(COD), biochemical oxygen demand after five days(BOD_(5)) and suspended solids(SS) in the new household pretreatment reactor can reach 65%-72%, 85% and 89%, respectively;the effluent quality of the new reactor can ensure the stability of the subsequent pipeline network to the sewage treatment station. 【Conclusion】As the pretreatment device of rural sewage station, the new rural household sewage pretreatment anaerobic reactor can meet certain resource utilization at the pretreatment stage and has strong practicability.

关 键 词：农村户用 污水处理 源分离 悬浮填料 预处理 厌氧反应器 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程] X799.3[农业科学—农业工程]