基于脉冲响应消岐重构的UWB测距优化方法  

An optimization method of UWB ranging based on pulse response disambiguation and reconstruction

作　　者：从飞云[1] 洪纵横 汤子安 李慧敏[1] 林小杰 Cong Feiyun;Hong Zongheng;Tang Zi'an;Li Huimin;Lin Xiaojie(The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;College of Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,杭州310027 [2]浙江大学能源工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2022年第10期13-21,共9页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0194400)项目资助。

摘　　要：UWB测距技术因功耗低、安全性高等优势在工业领域应用日益广泛。工业非视距场景下UWB脉冲信号由于穿透衰减和多通道反射等因素,存在首径信号衰减和多径延迟的问题,将会降低系统的定位精度。针对该问题,通过对UWB信号传递及响应建模,提出一种基于UWB信道脉冲响应的消岐重构算法,将信道脉冲簇信号进行泊松过程解析,对代表直线传播距离的首径信号进行特征增强,实现了复杂多径干扰下的首径信号提取与分离,提高了信号到达时间辨识精度,减少了UWB测距误差。进一步地,依据IEEE802015.4a标准对UWB信道响应进行仿真,并实现了不同遮挡环境下的实验研究,仿真和实验结果表明,本文提出的消岐重构算法能够显著提高多干扰环境下的定位精度,在存在多反射源和多遮挡物的工业非视距场景下,可使定位误差相较于传统阈值法降低约79.1%。The UWB ranging technology is widely used in the industrial field because of its low power consumption and high security.Due to the attenuation of penetration and multi-channel reflection of UWB pulse signal in industrial non line of sight(NLOS)scene,the direct path signal attenuation and multi-path delay will reduce the positioning accuracy of the system.To solve this problem,a disambiguation and reconstruction algorithm is proposed,which is based on UWB channel impulse response by modeling UWB signal transmission and response.This algorithm analyzes the channel impulse cluster signals by Poisson distribution and enhances the characteristics of the head path signals representing the linear propagation distance.Therefore,it realizes the extraction and separation of the direct path signals under complex multipath interference,which improves the identification accuracy of signal arrival time and reduces the UWB ranging error.Furthermore,we simulate the UWB channel response according to the IEEE802015.4 a standard and establish the experimental research system under different sheltered environments.Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed disambiguation and reconstruction algorithm can significantly improve the positioning accuracy in the multi-interference environment.Especially in the industrial NLOS scene with multiple reflectors and multiple obstructions,the error can be reduced by about 79.1%compared with threshold method.

关 键 词：UWB定位 定位误差 信号处理 

分 类 号：TH70[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TN92[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]