河南省中小学生身体素质现状及相关因素分析  

Analysis on the status and related factors of physical quality among primary and middle school students in Henan Province

作　　者：杨梦利[1] 徐学琴[1] 马晓梅[1] 娄晓民[2] 王瑾瑾[1] 闫国立[1] 王艳 刘德臣 YANG Mengli;XU Xueqin;MA Xiaomei;LOU Xiaomin;WANG Jinjin;YAN Guoli;WANG Yan;LIU Dechen(School of Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou(450046),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学医学院,郑州450046 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第12期1873-1875,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：河南中医药大学科研苗圃(MP2022-09);河南省科技攻关项目(222102320245)。

摘　　要：目的分析河南省中小学生身体素质、超重肥胖现状,探讨身体素质的相关因素,为提高学生身体素质提供参考。方法利用2019年河南省学生体质健康调研数据,分析7~18岁学生身体素质指数(PFI)、体质量指数(BMI)等相关指标,利用χ^(2)检验比较男女、城乡学生超重肥胖检出率,利用秩和检验比较各年龄组学生PFI差异,利用多因素Logistic回归分析PFI的影响因素。结果多数学生的PFI在-5~5,0~<5组占比最多(46.8%),其次是-5~<0组(44.0%),最少的是≥5组;超重、肥胖检出率均表现为男生(16.8%,12.3%)高于女生(12.8%,7.6%)、城市(16.1%,11.8%)高于乡村(13.3%,7.9%)(χ^(2)值分别为124.78,245.43;62.52,166.23,P值均<0.01)。PFI与BMI呈负相关(r=-0.23,P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.01)、城乡(乡OR=1.21)、性别(女OR=1.11)、超重(OR=1.94)、肥胖(OR=4.85)是身体素质的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论年龄、城乡、性别、超重、肥胖是身体素质的正向影响因素,控制超重肥胖有利于学生身体素质提高。Objective To analyze the present situation and associated factors of physical fitness and overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Henan Province,and so as to explore the related factors and to provide reference for improving students’physical fitness.Methods The data of students’physical health survey in Henan Province in 2019 were used to analyze the PFI and BMI of students aged 7-18.The Chi-square test was used to compare difference in overweight and obesity prevalence by gender and residence.Analysis of variance was used to compare PFI differences among students of different age groups.Multi-variable Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of physical fitness.Results A large proportion of students’PFI was between-5 and 5.0-<5 group(46.8%),followed by-5-<0 group(44.0%),and≥5 group.The detection rates of overweight and obesity were higher in boys(16.8%,12.3%)than in girls(12.8%,7.6%),and in cities(16.1%,11.8%)than in rural areas(13.3%,7.9%)(χ^(2)=124.78,245.43;62.52,166.23,P<0.01).PFI was negatively correlated with BMI(r=-0.23,P<0.01).Age(OR=1.01),urban and rural(rural’s OR=1.21),gender(female’s OR=1.11),overweight(OR=1.94),obesity(OR=4.85)were the influencing factors of physical fitness(P<0.05).Conclusion Age,residence,gender,overweight and obesity are the related factors of physical fitness.Controlling overweight and obesity can effectively improve students’physical fitness.

关 键 词：身体素质 超重 肥胖症 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G804.49[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G478[文化科学—运动人体科学]