地形梯度对土地利用格局时空特征的影响——以毕节市为例  

Influence of Terrain Gradient on the Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Land Use Pattern:Taking Bijie City as an Example

作　　者：翟香 兰安军[1] 廖艳梅 毛春艳 钟九生[1] ZHAI Xiang;LAN An-jun;LIAO Yan-mei;MAO Chun-yan;ZHONG Jiu-sheng(College of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》2022年第6期70-80,共11页Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41661081);贵州省科技计划资助项目(3058);贵州省科技支撑计划资助项目(2595-2)。

摘　　要：揭示不同分区土地利用格局及其在地形梯度上的变化规律和差异对不同地形特征土地利用格局调整和优化具有重要指导意义。以TM影像及DEM数据为基础,运用地形位指数、地形分布指数及土地利用结构信息熵、均衡度和优势度对毕节市土地利用格局进行分析。结果表明:(1)毕节市土地利用类型主要为旱地、有林地、灌木林地,但各分区优势分布类型有一定差异,且耕地和草地明显减少,主要转化为林地、园地和建设用地;各分区不同地形因子地形梯度等级分布具有显著差异,但地势整体上西高东低;(2)土地利用类型优势分布的优势地形梯度等级在2个时间点、3个地形因子和4个分区中存在显著差异和一定规律;(3)各分区不同地形因子梯度等级上土地利用结构有序度、均衡度及优势度在时间和空间上都具一定特征和差异;(4)土地利用分布在不同地形因子上的差异性、与各地形因子梯度等级的显著相关性和其相关性随时间变化的极小性,反映了地形因素是山区土地利用结构及变化的重要影响因子。Revealing the land use patterns of different districts and as well as their changing laws and differences in terrain gradients has important guiding significance for the adjustment and optimization of land use patterns with different terrain features.Based on TM images and DEM data,the land use pattern of Bijie city was analyzed by using the topographic position index,topographic distribution index land use structure information entropy,equilibrium degree and superiority degree.The results are shown as follows.(1) The land use types in Bijie city are mainly dry land,forest land,and shrub forest land,but there are certain differences in the dominant distribution types of each district,and the cultivated land and grass land are significantly reduced,which mainly convert into the forest land,garden land and construction land.Although the terrain gradient level distribution of different terrain factors is significantly different,the terrain is higher in the west and lower in the east.(2) The dominant terrain gradient level of the dominant distribution of land use types has significant differences and some certain laws in two time points,three terrain factors and four regions.(3) The order,balance,and dominance of land use structure at different terrain factor gradient levels in each district have certain characteristics and differences in the time and space.(4) The differences in the land use distribution on different terrain factors,the significant correlation with the gradient levels of various geomorphologic factors,and the minimal time change of its correlation reflect that topographic factors are important influential factors of mountain land use structure and changes.

关 键 词：土地利用格局 地形梯度 优势分布 信息熵 毕节市 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]