基于FRAM-FAHP的塔吊起重作业事故致因分析  

Accident cause analysis of tower crane based on FRAM-FAHP

作　　者：陈立 翦朝霞 王龙 毛惠宗 徐志强 CHEN Li;JIAN Zhaoxia;WANG Long;MAO Huizong;XU Zhiqiang(School of Mining and Geomatics Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan Hebei 056038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学矿业与测绘工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2023年第2期26-30,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2020404);河北省自然科学基金生态智慧矿山联合基金项目(E2020402036)。

摘　　要：以塔吊起重作业事故为研究对象,将功能共振分析法(FRAM)与模糊层次分析法(FAHP)相融合,采用FRAM-FAHP分析法研究塔吊起重作业过程中的事故演化机制。以广东汕头某项目塔吊起重滑脱事故为例,对塔吊作业的功能耦合过程进行定性和定量分析,确定影响塔吊起重作业的主要失效链接。研究表明:针对目标层塔吊成功起吊,方案层人员功能P_(1)、组织功能P_(3)影响较大,权重分别为0.3890和0.3457。在人员功能P_(1)、组织功能P_(3)中,上下游功能链接F_(3)(O)-F_(4)(I),F_(4)(O)-F_(9)(R)可作为塔吊起重时保障人员安全的关键线路,也可以作为塔吊起重事故的失效功能链接,因此施工企业可通过失效功能链接制定相关安全措施来预防事故发生。Taking the tower crane lifting operation accident as the research object,the functional resonance analysis method(FRAM)and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP)are integrated,and FRAM-FAHP analysis is used to study the accident evolution mechanism in the process of tower crane lifting operation.Taking the tower crane lifting and slipping accident of a project in Shantou,Guangdong Province as an example,the functional coupling process of the tower crane operation was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively,and the main failure links that affected the safety of the tower crane operators were determined.The results show that:for the successful lifting of the target-level tower crane,the personnel function P_(1)and the organizational function P_(3)of the plan level have a greater impact,and the weights are 0.3890 and 0.3457 respectively.In the personnel function P_(1)and the organization function P_(3),the upstream and downstream functions link F_(3)(O)-F_(4)(I),F_(4)(O)-F_(9)(R)can be used as the key line to ensure the safety of personnel when the tower crane is lifting.It can also be used as a failure function link for tower crane lifting and slippage accidents.Therefore,construction companies can formulate relevant safety measures through the failure function link to prevent accidents.

关 键 词：塔吊起重事故 功能共振分析法 模糊层次分析法 致因分析 多因素决策 失效模型 

分 类 号：TU712.4[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]