有机堆肥对西藏高寒草地群落状况的影响  

Effect of organic compost on the community condition of Tibetan alpine grassland

作　　者：周述明 于皓然 魏天娇 苗彦军[2] 李平 关法春 崔彦如[3] 赵志敏 杜帛洋 ZHOU Shu-ming;YU Hao-ran;WEI Tian-jiao;MIAO Yan-jun;LI Ping;GUAN Fa-chun;CUI Yan-ru;ZHAO Zhi-min;DU Bo-yang(Tibet Power Construction Exploration Institute Engineering Co.,Ltd,Lasa 850000,China;Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,Tibet,China;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;Tibet Zangjia Ecological Science&Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Linzhi 860000,Tibet,China;Ningxia Normal University,Guyuan 756000,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏电建成勘院工程有限公司,拉萨850000 [2]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [3]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033 [4]西藏藏迦生态科技发展有限公司,西藏林芝860000 [5]宁夏师范学院,宁夏固原756000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第22期25-28,33,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院项目(XZGS-GC-2020-002);吉林省科技厅项目(20200403014SF);吉林省农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(KYJF2021JQ003)。

摘　　要：为探索有机堆肥施用量对退化草地恢复过程中草地生物量和物种多样性方面的影响,以青藏高原那曲地区的高寒退化草地为研究对象,开展有机肥不同施用量处理的草地恢复试验。试验设置10 t/hm^(2)(SF1)、12.5 t/hm^(2)(SF2)和15.0 t/hm^(2)(SF3)3个处理和不施肥的对照。结果表明,3种施肥处理均能够提高群落植物总密度和物种数。与对照相比,SF2处理显著增加了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef物种丰富度(P<0.05),SF3处理显著提高了Simpson多样性指数(P<0.05)。此外,SF1、SF2和SF3施肥处理下群落植物地上生物量分别是对照的1.59、1.79和2.30倍,均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。综上,有机堆肥提高了草地群落结构和多样性,提升了草地净初级生产力,可作为西藏高寒草地恢复的有效途径。In order to explore the effects of organic compost application on grass biomass and species diversity during the restoration of degraded grasslands,an experiment was conducted on alpine degraded grasslands in the Nagqu region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with different organic fertilizer application treatments.The experiment was conducted with three treatments of 10 t/hm~2(SF1),12.5 t/hm~2(SF2)and 15.0 t/hm~2(SF3)and no fertilizer control.The results showed that all three fertilization treatments were able to increase the total plant density and species number of the community.Compared with the control,SF2 treatment significantly increased ShannonWiener diversity index,and Margalef species richness(P<0.05),and SF3 treatment significantly increased Simpson diversity index(P<0.05).In addition,the above-ground biomass of community plants under SF1,SF2 and SF3 fertilization treatments was 1.59,1.79 and 2.30 times that of the control,respectively,all significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05).In conclusion,organic compost improved the grass community structure and diversity,and enhanced the net primary productivity of grass,which could be an effective way to restore Tibetan alpine grasslands.

关 键 词：有机堆肥 退化草地 植物多样性 草地恢复 高寒草地 西藏 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]