土壤病原微生物检测技术研究进展  

Advances in the detection technology of pathogenic microorganisms in soil

作　　者：徐菲 杨凯 朱龙吉 林文芳 崔丽[1] XU Fei;YANG Kai;ZHU Longji;LIN Wenfang;CUI Li(Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建省流域生态重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第12期2593-2603,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21922608,22176186);中科院“从0到1原始创新”项目(ZDBS-LY-DQC027);福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J05095)。

摘　　要：病原微生物如细菌、病毒、真菌等广泛存在于土壤环境中,其严重威胁着全球公共卫生安全。发展病原微生物快速检测技术,对于减少病原菌扩散传播、防控传染性疾病、维护生物安全具有重要意义。本文对病原微生物检测技术的最新研究进展进行了综述,包括显色培养技术、基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱、分子生物学技术、拉曼光谱技术、流式细胞技术和生物传感器等,并对其原理、应用及优缺点进行了全面比较。最后,对病原微生物检测技术的未来发展提出展望,旨在促进土壤环境病原微生物的快速检测和生物风险防控。Pathogenic microorganisms(e.g.,bacteria,viruses,and fungi)are ubiquitous in soil environments,threatening global public health.The development of a rapid detection technology for environmental pathogens is of great significance to reduce the spread of pathogens,prevent and control infectious diseases,and maintain biosecurity.This article reviewed the recently developed and state-of-theart techniques for detecting pathogenic microorganisms,including chromogenic cultivation,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry,molecular biology tools,Raman spectroscopy,flow cytometry,and biosensors.A comprehensive overview and comparison of the principles,applications,advantages,and disadvantages of the presented techniques were shown.Finally,we put forward important perspectives for the future development of rapid detection methods,aiming to promote rapid diagnosis of soil pathogenic microorganisms and provide guidance for the control of biological risks.

关 键 词：生物安全 土壤病原微生物 快速检测技术 分子生物学技术 拉曼光谱 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]