护士主导的吞咽训练对拔管后吞咽障碍患者的影响  

Effect of nurse-led swallowing training on patients with post-extubation dysphagia

作　　者：刘彩云 王晓晶 闫丽 卢静 刘姝慧 何小彤 张晓珍 何志娟 郭爱敏[1] Liu Caiyun;Wang Xiaojing;Yan Li;Lu Jing;Liu Shuhui;He Xiaotong;Zhang Xiaozhen;He Zhijuan;Guo Aimin(School of Nursing,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院护理学院,北京100144 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院保健医疗部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2023年第2期12-15,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的探讨护士主导的吞咽训练对拔管后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及预后的影响。方法将62例拔管后吞咽障碍患者随机分为对照组30例和干预组32例。对照组按常规进行吞咽障碍饮食和相关健康指导,干预组在此基础上实施护士主导的吞咽训练,连续5 d。观察两组干预前后吞咽功能、经口进食、拔管后吞咽障碍并发症。结果干预后干预组标准吞咽功能评分显著低于对照组,吞咽功能恢复率显著高于对照组,且吞咽功能恢复时间显著短于对照组,功能性经口摄食等级显著优于对照组,食物残留和误吸发生率显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论护士主导的吞咽训练可促进患者吞咽功能恢复,促进患者经口进食,改善患者预后。Objective To explore the effect of nurse-led swallowing training on swallowing function and prognosis of patients with post-extubation dysphagia(PED).Methods A total of 62 patients with PED were randomly divided into control group(30 cases)or intervention group(32 cases).The control group received routine dysphagia diet and relevant health guidance,while patients in the intervention group additionally received nurse-led swallowing training for five consecutive days.The swallowing function,oral feeding and complications were observed in both groups before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,the intervention group presented significantly lower standardized swallowing assessment(SSA)score,higher swallowing function recovery rate,shorter swallowing function recovery time,higher functional oral intake grade,and lower incidence of food residue and aspiration compared to the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Nurse-led swallowing training can promote the recovery of swallowing function,thus to facilitate oral feeding and improve the prognosis of patients.

关 键 词：气管插管 拔管后吞咽障碍 获得性吞咽障碍 吞咽训练 吞咽功能 经口进食 误吸 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]