恩施地区常见乳菇类野生菌分子鉴定及系统发育分析  

Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of common wild Lactarius sensu lato in Enshi area

作　　者：韩玉 吴尧 揭春玉 王林 吴双清 HAN Yu;WU Yao;JIE Chun-yu;WANG Lin;WU Shuang-qing(Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第23期206-209,261,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：恩施州农业科学院青年创新基金项目(2020-008)。

摘　　要：以收集的24份恩施地区不同地点常见乳菇类野生菌为试材,提取子实体DNA,将测序结果与GenBank数据库进行比对,并将比对结果绘制成系统进化树进行分析。结果表明,所测菌株与最近同源物相似性均达99%~100%;将目的菌株与最近同源物进行遗传距离分析,发现S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S7、S8、S9、S10、S11、S12、S13、S14、S16和S22与3个最近的Lactarius vividus遗传距离为0,而S15为0.001,S23为0.003;S6、S17和S21均与Lactarius salmonicolor(JX852629.1)遗传距离为0;S19、S20与3个不同种的Lactarius hatsudake遗传距离为0,而S18与Lactarius hatsudake存在一定的遗传距离;S24与聚为一支的Lactifluus pilosus(MZ157882.1)遗传距离为0。恩施地区常见乳菇类野生菌有鲜艳乳菇(Lactarius vividus)、鲑色乳菇(Lactarius salmonicolor)和红汁乳菇(Lactarius hatsudake),以鲜艳乳菇为主,均为可食用野生菌;还有一种易混淆的有毒菌——长绒多汁乳菇(Lactifluus pilosus)。DNA was extracted from the fruiting bodies of 24 wild Lactarius sensu lato collected from different locations in Enshi area.The sequencing results were compared with GenBank database,and the comparison results were drawn into a phylogenetic tree for analysis.The results showed that the similarity between the tested strains and the nearest homologues reached 99%~100%.The genetic distance between the target strain and the nearest homolog was analyzed.It was found that the genetic distance between S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S7,S8,S9,S10,S11,S12,S13,S14,S16 and S22 and the three nearest Lactarius vividus was 0,while S15 was 0.001 and S23 was 0.003.The genetic distance between S6,S17,S21 and Lactarius salmonicolor(JX852629.1)was 0.The genetic distance between S19,S20 and three different species of Lactarius hatsudake was 0,while there was a certain genetic distance between S18 and Lactarius hatsudake.The genetic distance between S24 and Lactifluus pilosus(MZ157882.1)was 0.The common wild mushrooms in Enshi were Lactarius vividus,Lactarius salmonicolor and Lactarius hatsudake,which were edible wild mushrooms.There was also a confusing poisonous fungus-Lactifluus pilosus.

关 键 词：乳菇类 ITS序列 系统发育 遗传距离 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]