张掖肉牛线粒体DNA D-loop区遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequences in Zhangye Beef Cattle

作　　者：王磊 马斌 田春花 杨博 邵彩萍 吴雨霞[3] WANG Lei;MA Bin;TIAN Chunhua;YANG Bo;SHAO Caiping;WU Yuxia(Zhangye City Livestock Breeding and Improvement Workstation,Zhangye734000,China;Zhangye City Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Zhangye734000,China;College of Life Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou730000,China)

机构地区：[1]张掖市家畜繁育改良工作站,张掖734000 [2]张掖市畜牧技术推广站,张掖734000 [3]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2023年第1期22-25,共4页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NG006);甘肃省科技重点研发计划(20YF3NG039);甘肃省科技技术创新引导计划(21CX6NA042)。

摘　　要：为研究张掖肉牛的遗传多样性及母系起源,利用特异性引物扩增mtDNA D-loop区全序列,采用最大似然法构建了张掖肉牛mtDNA D-loop区分子系统树,对核苷酸多态性和遗传距离进行了分析。结果表明,构建的166头张掖肉牛mtDNA D-loop区全序列分子系统树分为3组(普通牛、瘤牛、牦牛),其中,普通牛血统基因型组占比80.7%,有93种单倍型(Hd=0.988),核苷酸变异度π=0.005 79;瘤牛血统基因型组占比13.2%,有6种单倍型(Hd=0.476),核苷酸变异度π=0.001 19;牦牛血统基因型组占比6.1%,有5种单倍型(Hd=0.867),核苷酸变异度π=0.009 65。张掖肉牛与中国北方牛的遗传距离比较近(Fst=0.01)。综上所述,张掖肉牛具有混合母系起源的特点,但受普通牛的影响较大,亲缘关系明显表现出了中国北方黄牛的地理生态分布特征,该研究结果可为张掖肉牛生态区的分布提供理论依据,也可为遗传育种提供参考。To study the genetic diversity and maternal origin of Zhangye beef cattle,using specific primers amplified the full sequences of the mtDNA D-loop region,the molecular system tree was constructed by using the maximum-likelihood method,nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic distances were analyzed. The results showed that the constructed of the mtDNA D-loop full sequence molecular system tree was divided into three mitochondrial type clades,Bos taurus accounted for 80.7%,Hd =0.988,π=0.005 79;Bos indicus accounted for 13.2%,Hd=0.476,π=0.001 19;Bos grunniens accounted for 6.1%,Hd=0.867,π=0.009 65. The distribution pattern of Zhangye beef cattle was closely related to the geographical and climatic background and belonging to the Chinese northern cattle(Fst=0.01). In summary,Zhangye beef cattle have the characteristics of mixed maternal origin,but it is more affected by cattle,the inity clearly shows the geographical ecological distribution of cattle in northern China. The results can provide theoretical basis for the distribution of Zhangye beef cattle ecological area,and can also provide reference for genetics and breeding.

关 键 词：张掖肉牛 线粒体DNA D-loop区 遗传多样性 母系起源 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]