低温制冷系统两级喷射器设计与性能分析  

Design and performance analysis of two-stage ejector for the subzero refrigeration system

作　　者：宋亚杰 王新立 王雷[1] Song Yajie;Wang Xinli;Wang Lei(School of Control Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学控制科学与工程学院,济南250061

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2022年第9期34-43,共10页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61773240)项目资助。

摘　　要：本文提出了一种用于渔船低温制冷系统的两级喷射器,并对其进行了优化设计和性能分析。为达到最大引射性能,提出了基于流场参数匹配的两级喷射器优化设计方法,使用计算流体力学仿真软件对两级喷射器进行了建模和参数优化。此外,采用了水冷式冷凝器来减小冷凝器与蒸发器之间的压差,从而获得了更高的引射比。研究结果表明,所设计的两级喷射器可使蒸发温度低至248.15 K,第一级和第二级喷射器最优面积比分别为11.8和6.5。中间压力在253~324 kPa之间,引射比先增加后减小,在中间压力为304 kPa时达到最大值0.096,此时系统能效比达到0.074。可以认为,采用优化设计的两级喷射器和水冷式冷凝器,利用渔船余热驱动的低温制冷系统具有较好的节能效果。In this article,a two-stage ejector for the subzero refrigeration system of fishing vessels is proposed,and the optimization design and performance analysis are studied.A two-stage ejector optimization design method based on the flow field parameter matching is proposed to achieve maximum entrainment performance.The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method is adopted for the ejector modeling and parameter optimization.In addition,the water-cooled condenser is employed to reduce the pressure difference between condenser and evaporator.In this way,the higher entrainment ratio can be achieved.Simulation results show that the proposed two-stage ejector can achieve evaporating temperature as low as 248.15 K and the optimal area ratios of first and second stage ejector are 11.8 and 6.5,respectively.As the intermediate pressure increased from 253 to 324 kPa,the entrainment ratio rises firstly and then decreases.It reaches a maximum value of 0.096 when the intermediate pressure is 304 kPa,with the coefficient of performance reaching 0.074.It can conclude that it is energy efficient to utilize the waste heat from fishing vessels to drive the subzero refrigeration system with the optimal designed two-stage ejector and a water-cooled condenser.

关 键 词：两级喷射器 流场匹配 计算流体力学 参数优化 

分 类 号：TH36[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB61[一般工业技术—制冷工程]