某乡镇农村老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生活质量现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Current Situation and Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Rural Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

作　　者：高丽[1] 王兵[1] 潘永良 杨小红[1] 陈小芳[2] 刘冰 蒋雪梅 GAO Li;WANG Bing;PAN Yong-liang;YANG Xiao-hong;CHEN Xiao-fang;LIU Bing;JIANG Xue-mei(Huzhou Normal University,Huzhou,Zhejiang,313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]湖州市第一人民医院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2022年第12期35-38,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202043955)。

摘　　要：目的:调查农村老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(以下简称慢阻肺)患者生活质量现状,分析其影响因素,并提出提高老年慢阻肺患者生活质量的干预措施。方法:采用横断面调查法,对某乡镇筛查确诊的慢阻肺患者进行一般情况调查,采用“慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生活质量测评表”评估其生活质量。结果:163例慢阻肺患者生活质量总评分为(57.82±15.27)分;不同年龄段慢阻肺患者的生活质量日常生活能力维度、抑郁心理症状维度、焦虑心理症状维度评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F值分别为17.493、6.218、10.601,P值均<0.05);是否患有心脏病的慢阻肺患者生活质量日常生活能力维度、抑郁心理症状维度、焦虑心理症状维度评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.401、2.333、2.516,P值均<0.05)。结论:高龄、患有心脏病是老年慢阻肺患者生活质量的主要影响因素;在患者居家康复期间可采取个性化干预措施提高患者日常生活能力,减轻其抑郁及焦虑情绪;可以将生活质量评价作为基层医疗卫生机构慢性病管理效果的评价指标,从而全面真实反映基层医疗卫生机构对慢性病管理的成效。OBJECTIVE To analyze the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in rural areas,and to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life,so as to put forward intervention measures to improve the quality of life of elderly patients with COPD.METHODS A cross-sectional survey method was used to assess the general condition and quality of life of COPD patients who were screened and diagnosed in a rural township.RESULTS The total score of quality of life of 163 patients with COPD was(57.82±15.27).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of quality of life,the activity of daily living,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms among COPD patients of different ages and with or without heart disease(F=17.493,6.218,10.601,P<0.05).The scores of daily life ability,depression and anxiety symptoms were statistically significant(t=2.401,2.333,2.516,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Advanced age and heart disease are the major factors affecting quality of life in elderly COPD.During their home rehabilitation period,personalized intervention measures can be taken to improve their daily living ability and reduce their depression and anxiety.Quality of life evaluation can be taken as the effect index of chronic disease management at the grass-roots level,so as to fully and truly reflect the effectiveness of chronic disease management.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 生活质量 影响因素 慢性病管理 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]