来凤县雪茄烟田杂草发生规律及其绿色防控  

Weeds occurrence and their green control in cigar tobacco fields of Laifeng County

作　　者：田常炜 侯书旺 夏鹏亮 姚振[1] TIAN Changwei;HOU Shuwang;XIA Pengliang;YAO Zhen(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Enshi Branch of Hubei Provincial Tobacco Company,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北省荆州市荆秘路88号434025 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北省恩施市445000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2022年第12期25-32,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技项目“烤烟大田生育期生产碳排放评价体系研究与应用”(110202102040);湖北省烟草公司科技项目“来凤雪茄烟害虫发生规律调查及其关键防控技术研究”(027Y2022-014)。

摘　　要：为明确来凤县雪茄烟田杂草发生情况,并提出杂草防除建议,采用样方法和踏查法对来凤县雪茄烟田杂草的种类、发生规律及群落特征进行调查分析。结果表明,种植期间杂草共有32科79种。喜湿类杂草有38种,占总数的48.10%。通过3个时期的杂草相对多度分析,共11种优势杂草应作为雪茄烟田杂草防除重点,分别为空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)、牛筋草(Eleusine indica)、碎米莎草(Cyperus iria)、铁苋菜(Acalypha australis)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、水芹(Oenanthe javanica)、黄花蒿(Artemisia annua)、雾水葛(Pouzolzia zeylanica)、光头稗(Echinochloa colona)、荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)和尼泊尔蓼(Polygonum nepalense),其中喜湿类杂草占比较高,达45.45%。来凤县雪茄烟田杂草群落与其他9个省份15个地区的烟田杂草群落的相似性系数均在0.50以下,差异较大。In order to clarify the occurrence of weeds in cigar tobacco fields of Laifeng County and provide measures for weed control,the types,occurrence regularity and community characteristics of the weeds were investigated by a sampling method and spot survey method.Results showed that there were79 species from 32 families of weeds during tobacco cultivation,among which there were 38 species of hygrophilous weeds accounting for 48.10%of the total.Through the analysis of the relative abundance of the weeds at three stages,a total of 11 dominant weeds were considered to be the key for the weed control in cigar tobacco fields,including Alternanthera philoxeroides,Eleusine indica,Cyperus iria,Acalypha australis,Digitaria sanguinalis,Oenanthe javanica,Artemisia annua,Pouzolzia zeylanica,Echinochloa colona,Arthraxon hispidus,Polygonum nepalense.The similarity coefficients of weed communities in the cigar tobacco fields in Laifeng County and 15 other regions in 9 Chinese provinces were below 0.50,which indicated their significant differences.

关 键 词：雪茄烟田 杂草 发生规律 潮湿环境 防控 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]