沿黄灌区玉米间作油菜对土壤水热效应及产量的影响  

Effects of Corn Intercropping of Maizewith Rapeseed on Soil Hydrothermal Effect and Yields along the Yellow River Irrigation Area

作　　者：尚旭民 王凤仁 夏博文 Galimah Girmanee Taylor 周彦莉 逄蕾 SHANG Xumin;WANG Fengren;XIA Bowen;GALIMAH Girmanee Taylor;ZHOU Yanli;PANG Lei(Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou City,Gansu 730070;Plant Production Experimental Teaching Center,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学植物生产类实验教学中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《热带农业工程》2022年第6期37-44,共8页Tropical Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.32160525);甘肃省自然科学基金(No.20JR5RA034);甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(No.2020B125);研究生重点课程建设项目(No.GSAU-ZDKC-1909);盛彤笙创新基金(No.GSAU-STS-1736);甘肃农业大学省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.S202110733006、No.202210733010)。

摘　　要：为了研究玉米间作油菜对土壤水热效应和产量的影响,分别测定土壤含水量、土壤温度和产量,计算土壤贮水量、土壤耗水量、水分利用效率、土地当量比和作物竞争力等9个指标。结果发现,玉米间作油菜的经济产量不具间作优势(LERYMC<1),但生物产量具有间作优势(LERBMC>1);玉米和油菜经济产量的种间竞争力表现为玉米>油菜(AaYMC>0),生物产量种间竞争力表现为玉米<油菜(AaBMC<0);玉米间作油菜种植模式能够改变土壤温度,间作土壤温度低于单作的土壤温度,玉米的土壤温度高于油菜的土壤温度;玉米间作油菜种植模式比单作玉米和单作油菜的土壤含水量低。This study is focus on the influence of corn intercroping with rape on soil hydrothermal and yields.The experiment measure the soil moisture,soil temperature and yields respectively and calculate 9 in‐dicators such as soil water storage,soil water consumption,water use efficiency,land equivalent ratio and crop competitiveness.The result shows that the grain yields of corn intercropping with rapeseed had no ad‐vantage (LERYMC<1),but the biomass yield had advantage (LERBMC>1).The interspecific competitiveness of corn and rapeseed grain yield is corn>rape (AaYMC>0),and the interspecific competitiveness of biomass yield is cornBMC<0).Intercropping can change the soil temperature,reduce the soil temperature of the 0-15cm soil layer of the corn,and increase the soil temperature of the 0-15cm soil layer of the rape.In‐tercropping can reduce soil water content and increase soil water consumption intensity in the early stage of crop growth and development.In conclusion,corn intercropping with rape can improve land use efficiency,reduce soil temperature,and diminish soil moisture content.

关 键 词：玉米 油菜 间作 水热效应 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]