基于非自由换道行为的高速公路互通立交最小净距模型  

Expressway Interchange Minimum Clear Distance Model Based on Non-free Lane Changing Behavior

作　　者：李琪霖 王红[1] 吴月磊 王洪涛[1] 朱顺应[1] LI Qi-lin;WANG Hong;WU Yue-lei;WANG Hong-tao;ZHU Shun-ying(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2022年第11期165-173,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

摘　　要：针对我国高速公路小间距互通立交群日益增多的实际情况,为确保转换车辆驶出主线的安全性,在国内外“车、路”因素研究的基础上,增加“驾驶人”换道行为因素,对高速公路互通立交最小净距进行了研究。提出了驾驶人非自由换道行为分为强行换道、协作换道和竞争换道3种,其中,协作换道行为是车辆驶出互通主线过程中除自由换道行为以外最为理想的换道行为,有助于提高车辆的通行效率及安全。采用概率论、微分法、可接受间隙理论及运动学方法,分别建立了与换道行为相应的互通极限、理想及保守最小净距计算模型。然后采用交通冲突仿真手段,运用聚类分析及模糊评价方法,对3种净距模型的安全级别进行了分析。结果表明:当互通立交净距小于极限值、接近极限、理想及保守值时,安全级别分别处于危险、临界安全、较安全及安全,基本符合模型预期。对比《公路立体交叉设计细则》中最小净距值,结果显示单向2车道最小净距值偏安全、单向3车道最小净距值接近临界安全而单向4车道最小净距值偏危险。针对《细则》中单向4车道相邻互通立交最小净距值偏危险的情况,根据最小净距计算值,推荐设计速度为120,100,80 km/h的单向4车道高速公路互通立交最小净距分别不宜小于1600,1300,1000 m;当实际空间、经济等条件允许时,推荐相邻互通立交净距采用不小于理想最小净距的净距值。In view of the actual situation of the increasing number of small spacing interchanges on expressways in China,to ensure the safety of the vehicles driving out of the main line,on the basis of research on“vehicle and road”factors at home and abroad,the“driver”lane-changing behavior factor is added,and the minimum clear distance of expressway interchanges is studied.It is proposed that the driver’s non-free lane changing behaviors can be divided into forced lane changing,cooperative lane changing and competitive lane changing.Among them,cooperative lane changing behavior is the most ideal lane changing behavior in addition to free lane changing behavior in the process of vehicle driving out of the main line of interchange,which helps to improve the efficiency and safety of vehicle traffic.The calculation models of limit,ideal and conservative minimum clear distances corresponding to lane change behaviors are established by using probability theory,differential method,acceptable gap theory and kinematics method respectively.Then,the safety levels of the 3 kinds of clear distance models are analyzed by using traffic conflict simulation,clustering analysis and fuzzy evaluation.The result shows that when the clear distance is less than the limit value,close to the limit,ideal and conservative values,the safety levels are at risk,critical safety,relatively safe and safe,which are basically in line with the model expectations.Comparing with the minimum clear distance of Guidelines for Design of Highway Grade-separated Intersections,the minimum clearance value of one-way 2-lane is on the safe side,that of one-way 3-lane is close to critical safety,and that of the one-way 4-lane minimum clearance value is more dangerous.For the situation in which the minimum clear distance of the interchange adjacent to the one-way 4-lane is dangerous,according to the calculated minimum clear distance,the minimum clear distances of one-way 4-lane expressway interchanges with recommended design speeds of 120,100,80 km/h should no

关 键 词：交通工程 互通立交最小净距 交通冲突仿真 非自由换道行为 高速公路 

分 类 号：U412.352.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]