含碘敷料的研究进展与应用现状  

Application Status and Research Progress of Iodine Dressing

作　　者：聂真 褚万立[2] 聂伟志 陈煜[1] NIE Zhen;CHU Wanli;NIE Weizhi;CHEN Yu(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery,the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;Shandong Wendeng Osteopathy Hospital,Wendeng 264400,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081 [2]解放军总医院第四医学中心烧伤整形科,北京100048 [3]山东省文登整骨医院,山东文登264400

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第2期215-221,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：解放军总医院军事医学青年专项(QNC19039)。

摘　　要：碘是一种具有高广谱抗菌性和低耐药性的高效抗菌剂,被广泛应用于敷料中,起到止血促愈、保护创面、防止感染等作用。然而,碘的多重抗菌机制在保证抗菌性的同时,也导致了高细胞毒性。通过络合提高碘的稳定性,实现碘的缓慢释放,是降低其细胞毒性的常用方法。随着湿性愈合理论的发展,能够提供微湿润环境的新型敷料逐渐代替传统敷料,成为含碘敷料的主要发展方向。因此,将络合碘负载于不同功能的新型载体中,以制备低毒高效的含碘敷料,成为近年来的研究热点。目前临床上应用较广泛的碘络合剂包括聚维酮、卡地姆、壳聚糖及其衍生物等,但大多存在络合效果差、有效碘含量低等问题。通过改进络合方式实现碘的高效络合,是目前含碘敷料的重要研究方向。改善碘络合物络合效果的途径包括对传统碘络合剂进行改性、引入共聚物提升络合效果、寻找具有优良性能和独特优势的新型络合剂等。例如:将聚维酮与醋酸乙烯酯共聚,可实现碘的再捕获;将常用于口服的卵磷脂-碘经过改性后负载于敷料,可提高碘的分散性和均匀性。另一方面,大多数络合碘易溶于水,这一特性使其能够分散于多种敷料中,具有较大的发展潜力。含碘泡沫敷料、含碘水凝胶敷料、含碘膜、含碘微球、纳米纤维含碘敷料等新型含碘敷料具有更广阔的应用前景。通过将碘与功能性载体实现优势整合,可实现含碘敷料应用场景多元化,拓宽其应用领域。本文详细介绍了常用于敷料中的碘络合物的种类、结构及特点,并分析了不同络合物的优势与局限性;综述了含碘敷料的种类、研究进展和临床应用,并对今后的研究方向做出了展望。Iodine is a highly effective antibacterial agent with high broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and low drug resistance.It is widely used indressings to stop bleeding,promote healing,protect wound surface and prevent infection.However,the multiple antibacterial mechanisms of iodine,while guaranteeing antibacterial properties,also lead to high cytotoxicity.Improving the stability of iodine through complexation and achieving slow release of iodine is a common method to reduce its cytotoxicity.With the widely development of wet healing theory,using of new dressings that can provide a micro-moist environment has gradually replaced using of traditional dressings and become the main development direction of iodine-containing dressings.Hence,it has become a research hotspot in recent years to load complexed iodine into new carriers with different functions to prepare low-toxicity and high-efficiency iodine-containing dressings.Currently,the iodine complexing agents are widely used in clinic include povidone,katim,chitosan and its derivatives,but most of them have problems of poor complexing effect and low effective iodine content.It is an important research direction to achieve efficient complexation of iodine by improving the complexing method for iodine-containing dressings at present.The ways to improve the effect of iodine complexes include modifying the traditional iodine complex agent,introducing copolymer to improve the effect of iodine complex,and looking for new complexing agents with excellent properties and unique advantages.For example,iodine recapture can be achieved by copolymerization of povidone with vinyl acetate.Modified lecithin-iodine is usually used for oral administration,the application of which to the dressing can improve the dispersion and uniformity of iodine.On the other hand,most complexed iodine is easily soluble in water,which enables it to be dispersed in a variety of dressings and shows great potential for development.New iodine-containing dressings(such as iodine-containing foam dress

关 键 词：含碘敷料 碘络合物 稳定性 临床 

分 类 号：O63[理学—高分子化学]