大熊猫国家公园映秀镇典型受损滑坡体土壤理化性质与植被恢复初探  

Preliminary Research on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Vegetation Restoration of Typical Damaged Landslide in Yingxiu Town of Giant Panda National Park

作　　者：黄尤优[1] 杜雅莉 贺俊东 白文科 魏云鹏 HUANG You-you;DU Ya-li;HE Jun-dong;BAI Wen-ke;WEI Yun-peng(College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China;Ecological Research Institute,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学生态研究院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期7-12,共6页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901224);西华师范大学博士科研启动项目(18Q049)。

摘　　要：地震及其次生灾害显著改变了大熊猫栖息地的地形地貌、植被演替进程及土壤特性,土壤理化性质在提高土壤生产力、促进植物生长、实现植被恢复等方面均具有重要意义。本研究通过对比震后映秀镇典型的受损滑坡体与未受损坡体土壤理化性质的差异,探讨土壤理化性质对重灾区大熊猫国家公园森林植被恢复的影响。结果表明:(1)典型受损滑坡体的土壤含水量、表层土厚度和土壤容重明显低于未受损坡体;滑坡体受地震次生灾害、土体断裂及掩埋等影响,其土壤均出现明显退化现象。(2)2个坡体的土壤pH值、盐度、有机质、全氮、全磷、速效钾和镁浓度含量均存在差异,其中典型受损滑坡体的土壤全磷含量显著高于未受损坡体;而全氮含量和镁浓度显著低于未受损坡体。(3)典型受损滑坡体植被郁闭度和物种数均显著低于未受损坡体。结合近10年野外实地勘察结果,该区域可采用自然演替与人工栽培相结合的方式逐渐恢复本土植被。Earthquakes and their secondary disasters have significantly changed the topography, vegetation succession process, and soil properties of giant panda habitats.Soil physical and chemical properties are of great significance for improving soil productivity, promoting plant growth, and achieving vegetation restoration.This study explores the impact of soil physicochemical properties on the vegetation restoration of Giant Panda National Forest Park in the hardest-hit area by comparing the differences in soil physicochemical properties between typical damaged landslide and undamaged slope in Yingxiu town after the earthquake.The research results show as follows:(1) the soil water content, topsoil thickness and soil bulk density are significantly lower than those of the undamaged slope;the soils are obviously degraded due to the effects of earthquake secondary disasters, soil fractures and burial;(2) the two slopes differ in soil pH,soil salinity, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and magnesium concentration;the soil total phosphorus of typical landslide is significantly higher than that of undamaged slope whereas the total nitrogen content and magnesium concentration are significantly lower than those of undamaged slope;(3) the vegetation canopy density and species of typical landslide are significantly lower than that of undamaged slope.According to the field survey results in the past 10 years, the combination of natural succession and artificial cultivation can be adopted to reshape and gradually restore native vegetation in this area.

关 键 词：受损滑坡体 土壤理化性质 汶川地震 植被恢复 次生灾害 

分 类 号：X820.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]