流变技术在高分子表征中的应用:拉伸流变测试  

Application of Extensional Rheology in Polymer Characterization

作　　者：刘双 黄茜[1] 陈全[3] 黄险波 Shuang Liu;Qian Huang;Quan Chen;Xian-bo Huang(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,Polymer Research Institute,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065;National-certified Enterprise Technology Center,Kingfa Science and Technology Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou 510000;Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun 130022)

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子材料工程国家重点实验室、高分子研究所,成都610065 [2]金发科技股份有限公司企业技术中心,广州510000 [3]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所、高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《高分子学报》2023年第2期286-302,共17页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号52173022)资助项目.

摘　　要：流变测试是与高分子加工和应用相关的重要表征手段.尤其在纺丝、发泡、吹膜、吹塑等以拉伸流场占主导的高分子加工工艺中,高分子的拉伸流变行为对材料聚集态结构的形成起了决定性的作用,进而影响了产品最终的使役性能.本综述第一部分介绍了拉伸流场的定义、拉伸流场的分类以及各自的特征;第二部分概述了目前商业拉伸流变仪的种类,并围绕其基本原理、测试技巧以及优缺点等内容展开讲解;第三部分介绍了拉伸流变的测试模式,并举例说明了各个模式的优势;第四部分列出了在拉伸测试中存在的常见问题,并给出了相应的解决方案和建议;最后对拉伸流变与其他表征联用技术的发展趋势进行了总结和展望.Knowledge of elongational properties of polymeric materials is important in different polymer processing techniques,particularly the fiber-spinning,foaming,and blow-molding techniques where the extensional flow is dominant.In this review,we summarize the methods of measuring extensional rheology for polymer melts and solutions.We start with explaining the definition and classification of different extensional flow fields in Section 1.In Section 2 we introduce different types of extensional rheometers,including Goettfert Rheotens,Münstedt Tensile Rheometer,Rheometrics Melt Extensometer,Sentmanat Extensional Rheometer,Filament Stretching Rheometer,and Capillary Breakup Extensional Rheometer.Their designing principles,operation methods,and advantages/disadvantages are described.In Section 3,we briefly introduce the different modes of extensional measurements,such as constant extensional rate,constant stress,stress relaxation and large amplitude oscillation modes.Some examples are included to elucidate the advantages of each mode.In Section 4,we give some suggestions and solutions for minimizing experimental errors and pushing the experimental limits.Finally,we highlight the importance of combining extensional rheology with other techniques in revealing more dynamic features of polymeric materials under extensional flow.

关 键 词：流变学 拉伸流场 拉伸流变仪 拉伸测试 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]