寒温带地区典型森林类型中外生菌根真菌多样性和群落组成及其影响因素  

Diversity,community composition and influencing factors of ectomycorrhizal fungi in typical forest types in cold temperate regions

作　　者：孟兆云 李敏[1,2] 杨勋爵 吕桂芬 牛艳芳[1,2] 张亚萍 MENG Zhaoyun;LI Min;YANG Xunjue;Lü Guifen;NIU Yanfang;ZHANG Yaping(College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区高等学校生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第1期38-47,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760169);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2017MS0310);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022JBXC016);内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(CXJJS22120)。

摘　　要：外生菌根(ECM)真菌可促进宿主植物对土壤中水分和营养的吸收,提高宿主植物的抗逆性及对环境的适应,在森林生态系统的物质循环中发挥了重要作用。为探明寒温带地区ECM真菌多样性和群落组成以及土壤理化因子对真菌群落组成的可能影响机制,采用高通量测序(Illumina Miseq)平台对大兴安岭4种典型森林类型白桦、樟子松、兴安落叶松和偃松的根围土壤ECM真菌群落组成进行了分析。结果表明,4种典型森林类型根围土壤中共获得167个ECM真菌可操作分类单元(OTUs),隶属于2个门、4个纲、10个目、24个科、36个属。在门水平上,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)真菌的相对丰度占96.4%,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)真菌占3.6%。在属水平上,红菇属(Russula,30.2%)、丝膜菌属(Cortinarius,17.1%)、Piloderma(9.6%)、棉革菌属(Tomentella,7.2%)、丝盖伞属(Inocybe,7.2%)和蜡壳耳属(Sebacina,6.2%)的相对丰度均>5.0%,是该地区的优势ECM真菌类群。不同森林类型的优势ECM真菌在属水平上的组成存在显著差异。土壤理化因子共解释了不同森林类型ECM真菌群落变异的92.4%,其中硝态氮、土壤总氮和土壤pH值对ECM真菌群落组成均有显著影响,解释度分别为60.4%、10.6%和9.5%。研究结果为认识寒温带森林生态系统中ECM真菌的群落组成与功能提供了依据。Ectomycorrhiza(ECM)fungi can promote the water and nutrients absorption in the soil and improve the stress resistance of host plants,and play an important role in the material cycle of forest ecosystems.In order to explore the ECM fungal diversity and community composition and the possible influence mechanisms of soil physicochemical factors on the ECM fungi in cold temperate regions,the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze the ECM fungal community composition of four typical forest types in the Greater Xing'an Mountains,including Betula platyphylla,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Larix gmelinii,and Pinus pumila.The results showed that a total of 167 ECM fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained from the rhizosphere soil of the four typical forest types,belonging to 2 phyla,4 classes,10 orders,24 families,and 36 genera.At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Basidiomycota fungi accounted for 96.4%,and Ascomycota fungi accounted for 3.6%.At the genus level,Russula(30.2%),Cortinarius(17.1%),Piloderma(9.6%),Tomentella(7.2%),Inocybe(7.2%),and Sebacina(6.2%)were all over 5.0%in relative abundance,which were the dominant ECM fungal taxa in this area.There were significant differences in the composition of dominant ECM fungi at the genus level in different forest types.Soil physicochemical factors explained 92.4%of the ECM fungal community variation,among which nitrate nitrogen,soil total nitrogen,and soil pH had significant effects on the ECM fungal community composition,with explanatory degrees of 60.4%,10.6%and 9.5%,respectively.The results provide a basis for understanding the community composition and functions of ECM fungi in cold temperate forest ecosystems.

关 键 词：外生菌根真菌 群落组成 森林类型 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]