“向上借力”:基层政策执行中的策略选择——以某城管中队的占道整治为例  

“Power Borrowing from Superiors”:the Strategic Choice in the Implementation of Grassroots Policies——Take the Road Occupation Management of a Urban Management Squadron as an Example

作　　者：李鹏程 吴毅 LI Pengcheng;WU Yi

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学社会学院暨中国乡村治理研究中心 [2]华中科技大学社会学院 [3]华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期65-81,共17页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“‘治道’转型视角下的政治社会重构研究”(19ASH010);华中科技大学自主创新基金重大培育项目“革命之后的政治发展——1980年代迄今的中国大陆政治变迁研究”(2018WKZDPY004)。

摘　　要：已有研究表明,基层治理主体常常会根据需要采取各类策略性行为来应对上级,但这类研究较多聚焦下级对上级的消极应对,而忽略了下级对上级的积极借力。事实上,下级在政策实践中并非总是被动的承受。当条件允许时,下级会策略性地“向上借力”。研究发现,在政策执行压力大、执行难度高、执行意愿强的情境条件下,基层执行者如果能够发现并把握住“政策机会”,便可以“借力”上级来解决政策执行中的难题,从而实现既定的政策目标。据此,本文提出“向上借力”的分析性概念,将基层政策执行中容易为学界所忽视的“借势”“借力”等经验性表述纳入学术研究的范畴,从而拓宽基层政策执行研究的视野。Existing studies have shown that grassroots governance subjects often take various strategic behaviors to deal with their superiors according to their needs,but such studies mostly focus on the negative response of subordinates to superiors,and ignore the positive borrowing of subordinates to superiors.In fact,subordinates are not always passive in policy practice.When conditions permit,subordinates will strategically“borrow power”from their superiors.The study found that under the situational conditions of high pressure,high difficulty and strong willingness of policy implementation,if grassroots executors can find and grasp“policy opportunities”,they can derive strength from their superiors to solve the problems,so as to achieve the established policy objectives.Accordingly,this paper puts forward the analytical concept of“power borrowing from superiors”,and brings empirical expressions such as“power borrowing”which are easy to be ignored by academic circles into the scope of academic research,so as to broaden the vision of grassroots policy implementation research.

关 键 词：借力 政策执行 基层治理 策略 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]