中国女性晚婚潮的形成机制与未来走向  

The Formation Mechanism and Development of Late Marriage Trend among Chinese Women

作　　者：曹云鹤 陈友华[1] CAO Yun-he;CHEN You-hua(Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2023年第1期74-81,共8页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实现积极老龄化的公共政策及其机制研究”(项目编号:17ZDA120)。

摘　　要：晚婚不婚已成为一种全球性趋势。从西方发达国家的婚姻变化历程来看,推迟结婚是现代化的必然结果,从西方发达国家初婚年龄变动趋势及其目前所达到的水平看,中国未来婚龄推迟仍有很大空间。中国女性晚婚潮的形成机制包括如下几个方面:经济发展与个人主义兴盛使得女性择偶和生活标准提升;高等教育规模扩大使女性受教育时间延长,女性社会地位也得以提高;现代社会保障制度完善,替代了家庭的部分功能,人们的家庭责任意识淡化;文化的多元化发展使人们的思想观念更为包容开放;网络传媒与现代科技迅速发展给人们的女生活方式、交友模式、婚恋观等带来很大变化。婚姻推迟具有正负双面性的社会后果,国家与个人都应积极主动适应这一社会发展的客观规律,而非一味地抗拒或试图强行扭转适婚青年的婚姻观念。At present, late marriage or no marriage has become a global trend. From the changes of marriage in western developed countries, postponed marriage is the inevitable result of modernization, and there is still much room for the postponement of marrying age in China in the future as modernization progresses. The formation of Chinese women marrying later is closely related to several aspects of socio-economic development: First, economic development and the rise of individualism have led to higher standards of women’s choice of spouse and life;Second, it is the expansion of higher education, the longer time spent in education and the improvement of women’s social status;Third, the modern social security system has improved, replacing some of the functions of the family, and people’s sense of family responsibility has diminished;Fourth, cultural pluralism and a more tolerant and open mindset are significant;Fifth, it is related to the rapid development of network and modern technology. In addition, since the delay of marriage has positive and negative social consequences, the state and individuals should try to actively adapt to this objective law of social development, rather than resisting and forcibly reversing the marriage concept of marriageable youth.

关 键 词：青年女性 婚姻推迟 正功能 负功能 

分 类 号：C913.1[经济管理]