陕西省农村饮用水硝酸盐氮污染水平及健康风险评估  

Assessment of nitrate nitrogen pollution levels and health risks in rural drinking water in Shaanxi province

作　　者：雷佩玉 郑晶利 贾茹 孟昭伟[1] LEI Pei-yu;ZHENG Jing-li;JIA Ru;MENG Zhao-wei(Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,西安710054

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2022年第6期342-345,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：陕西省公共卫生检测监测服务平台(编号:2016FWPT-12)。

摘　　要：目的评估陕西省农村饮用水中硝酸盐氮的健康风险,为改善水质提供参考依据。方法2018-2020年对陕西省农村饮用水进行监测,参照《生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749-2006》对水质指标硝酸盐氮进行达标评价,并采用美国国家环境保护局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价方法对硝酸盐氮经饮水途径暴露的健康风险进行评价。结果2018-2020年共监测水样15366份,水质硝酸盐氮整体达标率为98.91%,非致癌健康风险平均水平为0.062。硝酸盐氮的浓度水平和健康风险水平分布在不同年度、区域、水源类型和水处理方式间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论陕西省农村饮用水硝酸盐氮经口摄入途径的非致癌风险处于可接受水平。仍需关注重点区域、地下水源类型以及未采取任何水处理方式等方面饮用水硝酸盐氮污染。Objective Assess the health risks of nitrate nitrogen in rural drinking water in Shaanxi province,and provide a reference for improving water quality.Methods The rural drinking water in Shaanxi province was monitored from 2018 to 2020.With reference to the Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water:GB 5749-2006,the water quality index nitrate nitrogen was evaluated,and the health risk of exposure to nitrate nitrogen through the drinking water route was evaluated using the health risk evaluation method recommended by USEPA.Results A total of 15366 water samples were monitored from 2018 to 2020.The overall compliance rate of water quality nitrate nitrogen was 98.91%,and the average level of non-carcinogenic health risk was 0.062.The differences in nitrate nitrogen concentration levels and health risk level distribution were statistically significant in different years,regions,water source types and water treatment method(P<0.05).Conclusions The non-carcinogenic risk of oral intake route of nitrate nitrogen in rural drinking water in Shaanxi province is at an acceptable level.It is necessary to pay attention to the nitrate nitrogen pollution of drinking water in key areas,types of groundwater sources,and without any water treatment method.

关 键 词：饮用水 硝酸盐氮 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]