无机砷化合物的代谢及职业接触生物限值的研究进展  

The research progress of metabolism and occupational biological exposure index metabolism of inorganic arsenic and its compounds

作　　者：丑欣 闵珍[1] Chou Xin;Min Zhen(Poisoning department of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属上海市肺科医院中毒科,上海200433

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2022年第11期876-880,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制职业接触限值前期研究项目(20210203);上海市科学技术委员会项目(20YF1441200)。

摘　　要：砷是一种常见的类金属元素,通过饮用含砷的水和职业性接触砷是人群暴露砷的主要途径。长期暴露于砷可引起机体多种脏器损伤,甚至发生癌变。无机砷进入机体后主要在肝脏中被甲基化为一甲基砷和二甲基砷,而只有少部分无机砷的代谢在肾脏和肺中进行,最终砷的代谢产物经尿排出体外。了解砷在体内的吸收、代谢、分布,制定砷职业暴露相关生物指标,可为砷相关疾病的防治提供科学依据。本文将对砷职业暴露生物监测指标、砷在体内的代谢过程予以综述。Arsenic is a common metal-like element.Drinking arsenic-containing water and occupational exposure to arsenic are the main ways exposure to arsenic for population.Long-term exposure to arsenic can cause various organs dysfunction and cancer.After entering the body,inorganic arsenic is mainly methylated into monomethyl arsenic and dimethyl arsenic in the liver.Only a small part of inorganic arsenic is metabolized in the kidneys and lungs,and finally the metabolites of arsenic are excreted in the urine.understanding the biological characteristics of arsenic absorption,metabolism,and distribution in the body and formulating biological indicators related to occupational exposure to arsenic and can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of arsenic-related diseases.This article will review the biological monitoring indicators of occupational exposure to arsenic and the metabolic process of arsenic in the body.

关 键 词：职业性接触 脏器损伤 职业暴露 无机砷 生物指标 生物限值 生物监测指标 人群暴露 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]