移动地理信息系统技术发展的3个时代  

Three development stages of mobile geographic information system technology

作　　者：乔彦友 常原飞 QIAO Yanyou;CHANG Yuanfei(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《遥感学报》2022年第12期2399-2410,共12页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2022YFC3301603)。

摘　　要：为了明晰的理清移动地理信息系统技术发展脉络,本文简述了信息技术变革是如何推动该技术向嵌入式时代、移动互联网时代、智能物联网时代不断演变,并依次分析了每个时代的技术架构及其典型应用,在此基础上提出了集成全球导航定位、5G、人工智能和计算机视觉等信息技术于一体的新一代移动地理信息系统概念,分析了其具备的泛在化、实时化、智能化特征,论述了支撑3大特征的跨平台内核、同步定位与全息高精度导航地图、语义地图和智能决策3种核心技术,总结其发展和应用的变化趋势,对后续移动GIS的发展有一定的指导意义。The development of Mobile Geographic Information System(MGIS),which is driven by the change of information technology,is clarified and divided into three eras in this work:embedded,mobile Internet,and intelligent Internet Of Things(IOT) era.At the end of 1990s,with the completion of Global Positioning System(GPS) deployment in the United States,the functions related to information acquisition of desktop GIS system were transplanted to Personal Digital Assistant(PDA) and other embedded devices to facilitate field data acquisition.MGIS entered the “embedded era” combined with GPS.In this period,the stand-alone version of MGIS has been successfully applied in the field data collection of land,forestry,surveying,mapping,and other industries.Although MGIS had some online functions at that time,the bandwidth of mobile network was not enough to support high-frequency network GIS services.MGIS has gradually entered the “mobile Internet era” with the rise of 3G/4G and other broadband mobile networks and the popularity of intelligent mobile terminals(especially Android mobile phones).In this period,the core module of MGIS was translated from Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) to wireless communication network.The most typical applications in this era are the map APP developed by Google,Baidu,and other electronic map service providers and its related location-based services APP.At this time,MGIS has extended to the entire geographic information industry chains,involving data collection,data processing,platform software,industry applications,etc.“Cloud+End” constitutes a new ecosystem of geographic information.However,due to the problems of cloud computing,such as less real-time,insufficient bandwidth,and large energy consumption,which are not conducive to data security and privacy,MGIS in this era is still in the traditional artificial ground operation stage,making real-time spatial analysis,target recognition,and other intelligent processing difficult.The MGIS technology gradually enters the “intelligen

关 键 词：移动地理信息系统 人工智能 无人机遥感 物联网 云计算 边缘计算 智慧行业 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]