大连市油漆及涂料生产行业甲苯和二甲苯的职业健康风险评估  

Occupational health risk assessment of toluene and xylenein paint and coating production industry in Dalian City

作　　者：王艳艳[1] 邵小翠[1] 姜红梅[1] 杜影[1] 田宏飞[1] 王洋[1] WANG Yan-yan;SHAO Xiao-cui;JIANG Hong-mei;DU Ying;TIAN Hong-fei;WANG Yang(Department of Occupation and Radiation Health,Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaoning Dalian,116033,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市疾病预防控制中心职业放射卫生科,辽宁大连116033

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第24期3323-3326,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：辽宁省大连市医学科学研究计划项目(2111035)。

摘　　要：目的 了解大连市油漆及涂料生产行业甲苯和二甲苯的职业危害情况,并评估其导致神经毒性的职业健康风险。方法 应用《工作场所化学有害因素职业健康风险评估技术导则》,结合2019年大连市监测的油漆及涂料生产行业重点工作岗位甲苯和二甲苯的短时间接触浓度(CSTEL)、接触时间、接触工龄等对甲苯和二甲苯导致神经毒性的风险进行评估。结果 监测的11家油漆及涂料生产企业的26个岗位中,甲苯检测浓度均在职业接触限值内,职业健康风险水平为1~2级,属于可忽略风险或低风险;二甲苯职业健康风险水平为1~5级,其中,5级职业健康风险水平占总监测岗位数的76.92%,属于极高风险,且个别企业的二甲苯CSTEL超过国家职业卫生限值要求。结论 大连市油漆及涂料生产行业二甲苯职业健康风险极高,应重视二甲苯在油漆及涂料生产行业的职业健康危害,加强预防和控制措施,并定期对用人单位进行培训和职业健康检查。Objective To understand the occupational hazards of toluene and xylene in paint and coating production industryin Dalian City,assess their occupational health risk of neurotoxicity. Methods Based on the Technical guidelines for occupational health risk assessment of chemical hazards in the workplace,the neurotoxicity risk caused by toluene and xylene was evaluated with the monitoring results of concentration-short termexpose limit(CSTEL),exposure time and length of exposure of toluene and xylene in key posts in paint and coating production industry of Dalian City in 2019. Results Among the 26 posts in 11 paint and coating factories monitored,the concentration of toluene was within the occupational exposure limit,and the occupational health risk level was 1-2,which was negligible or low risk.The occupational health risk level of xylene was 1-5,and the posts with the level 5 occupational health risk accounted for 76.92% of the totalmonitoring posts,which was extremely high risk. Moreover,the CSTELof xylene in some enterprises exceeded the national occupational limit. Conclusion The occupational health risk of xylene in paint and coating production industry,so it is necessary to pay attention to the occupational health hazard of xylene in paint and coating industry,strengthen prevention and control measures,carry out regular training and occupational health examination in enterprises.

关 键 词：油漆及涂料生产行业 甲苯 二甲苯 职业健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]