广州市32家核医学工作场所现状调查  

Investigation and analysis on status of 32 nuclear medicine workplaces in Guangzhou City

作　　者：黎金荣[1] 张林[1] 王德东[1] 张静波[1] 韦博 黄钦仪 LI Jin-rong;ZHANG Lin;WANG De-dong;ZHANG Jing-bo;WEI Bo;HUANG Qin-yi(Department of Radiation Health,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Guangdong,510440,China;Medical Department,Guangdong Polytechnic of Light Industry,Guangzhou Guangdong,510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心放射卫生部,广东广州510440 [2]广东轻工职业技术学院医务部,广东广州510300

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第24期3332-3336,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(20211A010046)。

摘　　要：目的 了解广州市核医学工作场所防护现状,发现并解决核医学放射防护中存在的问题,保障放射诊疗安全。方法 采用现场调查和监测相结合的方法,于2021年3-9月收集全市核医学工作场所、人员、设备、核医学诊疗核素和人次、个人剂量水平以及医院放射防护管理措施等信息,并对核医学工作场所表面污染水平与周围剂量当量率水平进行测量。结果 2021年广州市共有32家核医学工作场所,分布在全市7个区,有4个区未设置;其中公办机构24家(75%),民营机构8家(25%)。从事核医学放射工作人员465人;拥有核医学设备76台,其中SPECT设备(包含SPECT/CT)26台,占34.2%;PET设备(包含PET/CT)16台,占21.1%;回旋加速器6台,占7.9%。开展场所表面污染监测824个点位,16个点位不合格,占1.94%;开展场所周围剂量当量率监测798个点位,12个点位不合格,占1.50%。放射工作人员年有效剂量为(0.79±0.15)mSv,有2人(0.43%)剂量在5~10 mSv,超出目标管理值范围。结论 广州市核医学工作场所的放射防护状况良好,放射工作人员个人剂量水平均合格,但场所的表面污染风险和外照射泄漏的问题仍存在,应按照辐射防护最优化的原则,加强核医学工作场所辐射防护管理,进一步降低工作人员及患者的受照剂量。Objective To understand the situation of workplace protection of nuclear medicine in Guangzhou City,discover and solvethe problems in nuclear medicine radiation protection,and ensure the safety of radiological diagnosis and treatment.Methods The methods of field investigation and monitoring were used to collect the data of nuclear medicine places,personnel,equipment,nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment nuclide and visits,personal dose level and hospital radiological protection management measures in the city from March to September 2021,and nuclear medicine workplace surface contamination level and ambient dose equivalent rate level were measured. Results There were 32 nuclear medicine workplaces distributed in eight districts of Guangzhou City in 2021,and three districts were not set up.Among them,there were 24 public institutions(75%) and eight private institutions(25%). 465 radiation workers engaged in nuclear medicine. There were 76 nuclear medicine equipment,including 26 SPECT equipment(including SPECT/CT)(34.2%),16 PET equipment(including PET/CT)(21.1%),and six cyclotrons(7.9%). The site surface pollution monitoring were carried out at 824 points,and 16 points were unqualified,accounting for 1.94%.The ambient dose equivalent rate monitoring were carried out at 798 sites,and 12 points were unqualified,accounting for 1.50%. The annual effective dose of radiological workers was(0.79±0.15)mSv,and two workers(0.43%)received 5-10 mSv dose,which exceeded the target management value range. Conclusion The radiological protection in the nuclear medicine workplaces in Guangzhou City is in good condition,the average level of personal dose of radiation workers are qualified,but there are the risk of surface contamination and external radiation leakage at the site,so it is necessary to strengthen the management on radiological protection in the nuclear medicine workplace according to the the principle of optimal radiation protection,to further reduce the dose to staff and patients.

关 键 词：核医学工作场所 放射防护 现状调查 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]