2019年广西井工煤矿职业病危害因素现状分析  

Analysis on current situation of occupational hazards in underground coal mines of Guangxi in 2019

作　　者：麦骊风 聂传丽[1] 黄翔[1] 黄吉[1] 段平宁[1] 黄照 MAI Li-feng;NIE Chuan-li;HUANG Xiang;HUANG Ji;DUAN Ping-ning;HUANG Zhao(Occupational Health and Toxicity Evaluation Institute,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases,Nanning Guangxi,530021,China;Secretariat,Guangxi Coal Society,Nanning Guangxi,530029,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院职业卫生与毒性评价所,广西南宁530021 [2]广西煤炭学会秘书处,广西南宁530029

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第24期3347-3351,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20200557)。

摘　　要：目的 分析广西井工煤矿作业场所主要职业病危害因素浓度(强度)现状,为广西煤炭开采行业职业病危害防治提供参考。方法 收集2019年广西区内14家井工煤矿职业病危害因素浓度(强度)情况,分别对综采综掘和炮采炮掘工艺流程下掘进、采煤、运输、辅助岗位的粉尘、噪声、化学有害因素浓度(强度)进行分析。结果 炮采炮掘工艺掘进和采煤岗位煤尘呼吸性粉尘时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)超标率分别为100.0%、78.6%,高于综采综掘工艺掘进和采煤岗位的超标率(63.6%、55.6%),运输和辅助岗位在2种工艺下的超标率均低于10%。炮采炮掘工艺掘进和采煤岗位噪声8 h等效声级(LEX,8 h)超标率分别为64.0%、7.1%,综采综掘工艺掘进和采煤岗位超标率分别为38.4%、29.6%,运输岗位在炮采炮掘和综采综掘工艺的超标率分别为12.5%、1.8%;掘进、采煤、运输岗位噪声LEX,8 h超标率在不同的工艺下呈现较大差异,辅助岗位则无明显差异。一氧化碳、二氧化碳、二氧化硫、硫化氢、二氧化氮5种化学有害因素检出浓度远低于国家职业卫生接触限值。结论 广西井工煤矿掘进、采煤岗位呼吸性粉尘CTWA和噪声LEX,8 h超标率总体较高,其次是运输岗位;需要从定期职业健康检查、加强个人防护和监管力度等方面进行重点关注,降低煤炭开采行业职业病发病率。Objective To analyze the current situation of the concentrations (intensities) of main occupational hazard factors in workplaces in Guangxi underground coal mines,provide reference for the prevention and control of occupational hazards in Guangxi coal mining industry.Methods The concentrations(intensities) of occupational hazard factors in 14 underground coal mines in Guangxi in 2019 was collected.The concentrations (intensities) of the dust,noiseand chemical factors in the excavation,coal mining,transportation and auxiliary positions under the process of fully mechanized mining and artillery mining were analyzed.Results The over-standard rates of concentration-time weighted average(CTWA) of respirable coal dust in excavation and coal mining positions under the process of artillery mining was 100.0%and 78.6%respectively,which were higher than those under the fully mechanized mining process (63.6%and 55.6%),and the over-standard rates of transportation and auxiliary positions under the two processes were lower than 10%.The over-standard rates of equivalent continuous sound level normalized to 8 hours(LEX,8 h) in excavation and coal mining positions under the process of artillery mining was 64.0%and 7.1%respectively,and those under the fully mechanized mining process were 38.4%and 29.6%respectively.The over-standard rate of transportation position under the process of fully mechanized mining and artillery mining was 12.5%and 1.8%respectively.The over-standard rates of noise LEX,8 hin the excavation,coal mining and transportation positions showed great differences under different processes,but there was no significant difference in the auxiliary positions.The detected concentrations of five chemically harmful factors of carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,sulfur dioxide,hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide were far below the national occupational health exposure limits.Conclusion The underground coal mines of Guangxi have a higher over-standard rates of respiratory dust CTWAand noise LEX,8 hin excavation and coal mining

关 键 词：井工煤矿 职业病危害 煤炭开采 广西 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]