1999-2020年马鞍山市艾滋病流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of AIDS in Ma’anshan City from 1999-2020

作　　者：秦其荣[1,2] 王玮 朱宏斌[1] 张振[1] 黄芬[2] QIN Qi-rong;WANG Wei;ZHU Hong-bin;ZHANG Zhen;HUANG Fen(STD/AIDS Prevention and Control Department,Ma'anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma'anshan Anhui,243011,China;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei Anhui,230032,China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第24期3381-3385,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：马鞍山市科技局资助项目(YL-2018-12)。

摘　　要：目的 分析1999-2020年马鞍山市艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)流行特征和变化趋势,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法 自国家艾滋病综合防治信息系统获取1999-2020年马鞍山市艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/AIDS患者的案例信息,用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 1999-2020年马鞍山市累计报告HIV感染者/AIDS患者953例,其中HIV感染者占55.82%(532例),AIDS患者占44.18%(421例),累计死亡131例。发病率整体呈年度上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=310.06,P<0.01);男性感染明显高于女性,男女比例为4.92∶1;年龄以青年为主,≤29岁者占37.88%,≥50岁人群自2010年以来呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=54.26,P<0.01);已婚有配偶者最多,占41.55%;职业以家政、家务及待业和农民为主,占49.74%,学生占5.35%;教育程度以初中学历者居多,占35.99%;传播途径以性传播为主,其中异性传播占53.10%,男男同性传播占41.87%;样本来源主要为检测咨询,占26.86%;疫情报告来源主要为疾病预防控制中心报告,占79.96%;死亡病例的死亡年限以及仍存活病例的存活年限皆以<5年者居多,分别占83.21%和52.26%。结论 马鞍山市AIDS总体流行水平较低,主要传播方式是性传播,男性发病率高于女性。需要高度重视中老年人群、学生人群,尤其需加强对同性接触者等高危人群的行为干预。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends ofacquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Ma’anshan City from 1999-2020,provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods The case information of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS patients in Ma’anshan City from1999-2020 was collected from the national integrated AIDS prevention and control information system,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results From 1999 to 2020,a total of 953 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Ma’anshan City from1999-2020,of which 55.82%(532 cases) were HIV cases and 44.18%(421 cases) were AIDS cases,with 131 deaths.The overall incidence rate showed an annual upward trend(χ^(2)trend=310.06,P<0.01).Male infection was significantly higher than female infection,with a male to female ratio of 4.92∶1.The cases were mainlyyoung people,those aged≤29 years old accounted for 37.88%,and the cases aged≥50 years old showed an increasing trendsince 2010(χ^(2)trend=54.26,P<0.01).The married people with spouses were the most,accounting for 41.55%.The occupations were mainly housekeeping,housework,unemployed and farmers,accounting for 49.74%,while students accounted for 5.35%.For the education level,the majority of cases were junior high school,accounting for 35.99%.The main route of transmission was sexual transmission,with heterosexual transmission accounting for 53.10%and male-male transmission accounting for 41.87%.The samples were were mainly from testing and consulting,accounting for26.86%.The main sources of epidemic reports were centers for disease control and prevention,accounting for 79.96%.The number of years of death and the number of years of surviving cases were mainly<5 years,accounting for 83.21%and 52.26%respectively.Conclusions The epidemic level of AIDS in Ma’anshan City is low,the main mode of transmission is sexual transmission,and male incidence is higher than femaleincidence.It is necessary to attach great impor

关 键 词：艾滋病 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]