播种量对‘鑫麦296'产量和干物质生产及转运的影响  

Effects of Different Sowing Amounts on Yield and Dry Matter Production and Transport of‘Xinmai 296’

作　　者：尹逊栋 吕广德 牟秋焕[1] 米勇[1] 殷复伟 李宁 钱兆国[1] 吴科[1] YIN Xundong;LV Guangde;MOU Qiuhuan;MI Yong;YIN Fuwei;LI Ning;QIAN Zhaoguo;WU Ke(Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai’an,Shandong 271000;Tai’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Tai’an,Shandong 271000;Tai’an Heyuan Seed Industry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tai’an,Shandong 271000)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000 [2]泰安市农业技术推广中心,山东泰安271000 [3]泰安市禾元种业科技有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第34期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家小麦现代农业产业技术体系“国家小麦现代农业产业技术体系泰安综合试验站”(CARS-3-2-21);山东省现代农业产业技术体系“小麦产业创新团队建设岗位专家”(SDAIT-01-04)。

摘　　要：为研究播种量对‘鑫麦296’干物质生产与转运能力,以及籽粒产量的影响,设计75、150、225、300、375 kg/hm^(2)5个播量条件,对5个播量条件下不同生育时期各器官干物质量和籽粒产量进行测定,并计算干物质转运量和转运率。结果表明,150 kg/hm^(2)播量条件下,拔节—开花和开花—成熟2个阶段干物质积累量、花后干物质生产量、花后干物质生产对籽粒的贡献率和成熟期籽粒干物质量最高,且与其他播量差异均达显著水平;花后各器官干物质量均在150 kg/hm^(2)播量水平条件下达到最高,其中收获期的穗部干物质量和花后各时期整株的干物质量也均在150 kg/hm^(2)播量水平条件下达到最高,且与其他播量条件下差异达显著水平;‘鑫麦296’的产量在150 kg/hm^(2)播量水平条件下达到最高,且与其他播量条件下差异达显著水平,在不同播量水平条件下产量变化趋势为150 kg/hm^(2)>75 kg/hm^(2)>225 kg/hm^(2)>300 kg/hm^(2)>375 kg/hm^(2)。本研究可以为不同品种小麦的播量研究提供参考。In order to study the effect of sowing amount on dry matter production and transport capacity and grain yield of‘Xinmai 296’,five sowing amount levels were designed as 75,150,225,300 and 375 kg/hm^(2),to determine the dry matter weight of various organs at different growth stages and grain yield under the 5 sowing amounts,and calculate the dry matter transport amount and transport rate through the formula.The results showed that under 150 kg/hm^(2)sowing amount,the dry matter accumulation at jointing to flowering and flowering to maturity stages,dry matter production after flowering,the contribution rate of dry matter production after flowering to grain,and dry matter weight of grain at maturity stage were the highest,and the difference from those under other sowing amounts was significant.The dry matter weight of each organ after flowering reached the highest under the sowing amount of 150 kg/hm^(2),and the dry matter weight of ear at harvest and the dry matter weight of the whole plant at each stage after flowering also reached the highest under the sowing amount of 150 kg/hm^(2),and the difference from those under other sowing amounts was significant.The yield of‘Xinmai 296’reached the highest under the sowing amount of 150 kg/hm^(2),and the difference from that under other sowing amounts reached a significant level.Under different sowing amounts,the variation trend of yield was 150 kg/hm^(2)>75 kg/hm^(2)>225 kg/hm^(2)>300 kg/hm^(2)>375 kg/hm^(2).This study can provide reference for studying the sowing amount of different wheat varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 干物质转运 营养器官 贡献率 

分 类 号：S352.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]